AresAphrodite

今天补充一个话题：吞噬(vor)与血肉(carn)！看上去很血腥，充分凸显了兽性(animality),每个人内心深处都有兽性，只不过有人会克制，有人则真正变成了禽兽(criminal), 那样的男人也会变成女人，因为手上和脚上都会佩戴银镯子(manacle);希望大家不要做哦~~~我们看看到底有多少单词跟他们有关呢？

首先看看吃(vor)

Vor---from the Latin verb worare, means "to eat." The ending -ivorous shows up in words that refer to eaters of certain kinds of food. Frugivorous([动]常食果实的) (for "fruit-eating"), granivorous(食谷类的) (for "grain-eating"), and graminivorous(食草的) (for "grass-eating") are somewhat common. Some -ivorous words such as insectivorous and nectarivorous(食蜜的), are easy to understand at a glance. Others can get pretty complex; insects that feed on the sap(树液, 体液) of plants, for instance, are phytosuccivorous(a. 吸植物液的).

谈到吃，天津卫们可是在这上面最拿手啊！我们管饿了叫做饿(Wo)了,正好和词根"Vor"读音很相近，也可以这样记忆哦~~~另外，最有一个单词phytosuccivorous中的词根phyto-plant, 有兴趣可以留意一下啊！

Carnivorous---Meat-eating or flesh-eating. a.食肉类的

(carn这个词根我们将在后面提到，表示"flesh"---鲜肉；我们知不知道献给妈妈的花朵叫什么呢？康乃馨！答对了"carnation", 其中就包括carn-flesh; nat-bear(出生) 因为你是妈妈心头的一块肉啊！所以，记住了吧？)

E.g. The dragonfly(n.蜻蜓) lives up to(实践, 做到) its name by being a carnivorous terror that can pluck(v. 捕食) its prey out of midair at speeds up to 30 miles per hour.

Usually when we think of carnivorous beings we think of large animals such as lions, tigers, or cheetahs(n.猎豹). However, many smaller animals, including some kinds of mice and the tiny creatures that make up coral reefs(n. 珊瑚礁), are also carnivores. And there are even a few carnivorous plants(能食虫植物), such as the Venus's-flytrap(n. 捕蝇草), the pitcher plant, and the sundew(n. [植]茅膏菜), all of which devour their insect prey after trapping(诱捕) them by ingenious(a. 有独创性的) means.

Herbivorous---Plant-eating. a. 食草的

(都学过herb-药草，香草)

E.g. In spite of their frightening appearance, marine iguanas(n.[动]鬣蜥(一种产于南美洲和西印度群岛的大蜥蜴)) are peaceable(a.和平的, 平静的) herbivorous animals that feed mostly on seaweed.

While many herbivorous animals(such as rabbits and cows) are noted for their passive ways, such behavior is not universal among herbivores. A rhinoceros(n. [动]犀牛) is herbivorous but capable of inflicting(造成) serious damage if threatened. Among dinosaurs, the herbivorous Diplodocus(n. 恐龙的一种, 梁龙) had thick tail that could be used as a lethal(a. 致命的) weapon against attacking carnivorous enemies.

我们知不知道中国的国宝---可爱的大熊猫以前是什么动物么？哈，也是食肉动物啊！也许当时的大熊猫觉得竞争对手太多了，所以不吃肉了，改吃竹子，可是要变成那样的心宽体胖，要吃多少竹子啊！没有吃的了，所以灭亡了啊！可怜吧？另一说熊猫当时受到佛祖感化，不杀生了，信佛了。所以现在就有了“熊猫烧香”

Omnivorous---(1) Feeding on both animals and plants. (2) Intensely interested in everything. a. 杂食的, 贪婪的

(这里面有一个前缀需要大家注意了omni-all)

E.g. Good writers are often also omnivorous readers who enjoy equally fiction and nonfiction, prose and poetry, philosophy and science.

We tend to think of human beings as omnivorous, but in fact there are many kinds of plants that we simply cannot digest. Bears are truer(a. 真的,确实的) omnivores. Their diet can include bulbs(n. 鳞茎, 球形物), berries, nuts, young plant shoots(植物的新芽), insects, grubs, and dead animals, including fish, deer, and beaver. Humans do seem to possess an omnivorous curiosity. And it probably took that kind of curiosity---plus a good deal of courage---to be the first human to eat an oyster(n. [动]牡蛎, 蚝).

Voracious---(1) Having a huge appetite. (2) Very eager. a. 狼吞虎咽的, 贪婪的

E.g. One of the hardest parts of dieting is watching skinny people with voracious appetites consume large amounts of food without gaining weight.

(这句话说给那些“发福”的朋友们简直气死了！！！（包括我）)

Voracious can be applied to both people and their appetites. Teenagers are voracious eaters because they have voracious appetites. Some vacationers become voracious readers; others are voracious for other kinds of pleasure. Voracious often suggests an appetite in excess of what is good for us. We are sometimes told that we are a nation of voracious  borrowers because of our voracious demand for consumer goods and voracious government spending, and none of this is good news.

说完吃(vor)，我们来看一看肉(carn)

Carn---comes from the Latin carn-, the stem of caro, "flesh," and words including this root usually refer to flesh in some form. The word carnivore, for example, which we met in the preceding section, means "an eater of meat."

carnage---Great destruction of life (as in a battle); slaughter. n.(尤指在战场上的)残杀, 大屠杀, 流血(杀人杀得血肉横飞)

E.g. People from around the world made appeals to parties on all sides of the conflict to stop the carnage of the war in Bosnia(n.波斯尼亚[南斯拉夫中西部一地区]).

Carnage does not refer only to slaughter on the battlefield. As long as tens of thousands of people die each year in automobile accidents, it is appropriate to speak of carnage on the nation's high-ways. And in some contexts carnage can simply mean violence or its results. Those concerned about the effect of all of the violence we are exposed to each day point in particular to the carnage on television and in the movies.

Carnal---Having to do with bodily pleasures. a. 肉体的, 肉欲的, 性欲的, 色欲的, 淫荡的

E.g. The news stories about students going on Spring Break(n. 休息时期，通常持续一周，在学校春季学期) focused as usual on the carnal pleasures associated with the annual ritual.

Carnal is sometimes used to mean "having to do with the human body," but more often it refers solely to the pleasures and appetites of the body. Most religious stress the superiority of spiritual enlightenment over carnal pleasures. Very frequently, carnal simply means "sexual," especially when the sexual activity is mostly physical in nature. Novels about Hollywood(好莱坞(位于美国加利福尼亚洛杉矶城的西北), 美国电影业) often rely heavily on detailed descriptions of the carnal adventures of their main characters.

Carnival---(1) A season of merrymaking(n. 寻欢作乐) just before Lent((基督教的)四旬斋, 大斋期(指复活节前的40天为纪念耶稣在荒野禁食); an occasion for festivities and excess. (2) A traveling group that presents a variety of amusements. n. 狂欢节

E.g. Whether in Argentina(阿根廷(南美洲国家), Brazil(巴西), or Trinidad(特立尼达岛), carnival is one of the most exciting events of the year, involving parades, parties, and dressing up in costume.

Just before Lent many cities hold a time of merrymaking called a carnival. The roots that apparently make up carnival mean "flesh" and "remove," and a common result of carnival was the eating up of meat that wouldn't keep through the 40-day season of Lent, a time of fasting(n. 禁食) and self-dicipline when meat was indeed removed from the table. In the Americas, carnival is most famous in Rio de Janeiro(里约热内卢(巴西港市, 州名)) and New Orleans(新奥尔良(美国港市)) (whose version of carnival is called Mardi Gras), but carnival takes place in most parts of the world where Lent is observed.

Incarnation---(1) A particular physical form or version of something. (2) A person showing a trait to a marked degree. n.赋予肉体, 具人形, 化身

E.g. During the Gulf War(海湾战争), press(新闻) reports depicted Saddam Hussein(萨达姆.侯赛因) as the incarnation of evil.

Incarnation originally referred to gods and deities(n. 神, 神性) taking on fleshly form, but now it more commonly refers to anything in the physical world that clearly illustrates some principle. The crowded streets of Hong Kong are said to be the incarnation of business and commerce. Sometimes incarnation can simply mean "a version" or "a form or state." An old building, for instance, can pass through several incarnations---as first an inn, then a private home, and then a store---before being returned to its original purpose.

 

狂欢节（Carnival），世界上不少国家都有狂欢节。这个节日起源于欧洲的中世纪。古希腊和古罗马的木神节、酒神节都可以说是其前身。有些地区还把它称之为谢肉节和忏悔节。该节日曾与复活节有密切关系。复活节前有一个为期40天的大斋期，即四旬斋（lent）。斋期里，人们禁止娱乐，禁食肉食，反省、忏悔以纪念复活节前3天遭难的耶稣，生活肃穆沉闷，于是在斋期开始的前3天里，人们会专门举行宴会、舞会、游行，纵情欢乐，故有"狂欢节"之说。如今已没有多少人坚守大斋期之类的清规戒律，但传统的狂欢活动却保留了下来，成为人们抒民对幸福和自由向往的重要节日。
欧洲和南美洲地区的人们都庆祝狂欢节。但各地庆祝节日的日期并不相同，一般来说大部分国家都在2月中下旬举行庆祝活动。各国的狂欢节都颇具特色，但总的来说，都是以毫无节制的纵酒饮乐著称。其中最负盛名的要数巴西的狂欢节。
新奥尔良的狂欢节是美国最疯狂、也是最早举办的狂欢节。每年1月6日开始，就有盛大的花车游行，游行者们以各种历史、神话和传奇为主题，身着戏装穿过街道。在欧洲一些地方，通常让戴着面具的人分别代表冬和春互相搏斗，在冬天被打败后，其塑像必须被烧毁。
在所有狂欢节中，德国的狂欢节是持续时间比较长的一个，从每年11月11日11点起，一直到次年复活节前40天为止。节日的高潮是最后一个星期，女人节和疯狂的星期一是必不可少的内容。女人节那天，妇女们会闯入市长办公室，表示接管市政权力。许多妇女还拿着剪刀在街上专门剪男人的领带，拿回去钉在墙上欣赏。化装大游行和狂欢舞会是疯狂的星期一的主要活动。游行时，“王子”和“公主”们一面向观众致意，一面抛撒糖果、食品和小玩具。有的城市每次所撒的糖果往往有几十吨。
意大利水城威尼斯的狂欢节为时7天。凡是参加狂欢节活动的人，都要按威尼斯的习俗把自己装扮起来。不分男女老幼，身着奇装异服，甚至包括17世纪的服装，脸上戴着面具或涂满油彩，模仿各种人的样子，或者扮成动物，踩着高跷，人们互相抛撒纸屑，素不相识的人也互送礼物，粘贴祝福的小纸条。
巴西素有狂欢节之乡的美称。每年2月举行的狂欢节不仅是巴西最隆重的节日，同时也吸引了世界各地的游客前来参观。早在节前的几个月甚至在上一个狂欢节结束以后，巴西人就开始准备。节日期间，最引人注目的就是数万名身穿华丽服装的各桑巴舞学校学员的游行表演，其场面之宏大、气氛之热烈堪称世界之最。与此同时，还伴有盛大的彩车游行。围观的人们向演员们抛撒彩带和花絮，有的人还随着音乐狂舞。每次狂欢节都会对各类节目和演员进行评比，给优胜者颁发集体奖和个人奖，获奖者还要在规定的时间再次演出。狂欢节另一个重要的活动则是通宵达旦地举行室内化装舞会。节日期间，巴西各城市的街道都会被装饰一新，更增添了狂欢的气氛。
英国诺丁山画嘉年华会始于1964年，当千里达的移民抵达伦敦，在当时的英国有色人种平日生活的压力还是很大，于是他们子就想到了以前在家乡的的carnival，并且在1964年的夏天于Notting Hill这个一多种族多文化地区办起了carnival，结果引起轰动，并且造成广大回响，附近的居民在音乐响起的时候纷纷加入街上的队伍一起跳舞：）