练习：
（1）没有人，计算机无法发挥作用。（without）
Computers can not put into effect without men.
(2 ) 人们常说：“活到老，学到老。”（never, too）
It is often said that it is never too old to learn.
(3 ) 我从来没有认识到体育运动对人的健康如此重要。（Never…）
Never have I realized the sports can be important to human’s health.
(4 ) 这绝不是解决人口问题的最好办法。（by no means）
By no means is this the best way to solve the over-population problem(issue).
(5 ) 没有几个中国家庭买得起汽车。（few）
Few families in China can afford a car.
(6 ) 有些人没有认识到吸烟的危害。（fail to）
Some people fail to be aware of the danger of smoking.
(7 ) 我们应该保护森林，使其免受破坏和污染（protect from）
We are supposed to protect the forest from the damage and pollution.
(8 ) 中国人口太多了，我们不得不实行计划生育。（cannot but）
Owing to the over-population in China, we can not but carry out the policy of family plan.
(9 ) 有些人不愿意承认自己失败，也不会从失败中吸取教训。（neither）
Some people are unwilling to accept their failure, neither will they draw lessons from it.
(10 ) 旅游不仅使人感到心情愉快，而且可以增长知识：（not only…but also）
Not only can travel enable one to feel agreeable and pleasant,
it can also enlarge
病句分析：
1). Some people think we needn't to worry about fresh
water.
2). Nowadays many people don't like to go to the movies,
too.
3). Due to the pollution, we will haven’t pure water, fresh air which are necessary to our lives.
正确表达：
1). Some people think we needn't worry (或don't need to worry)
about fresh water.
2). Nowadays many people don't like to go to the movies,
either.
四、IT结构
不要小看IT这个小词，它的用法极为活跃，在CET中主要用法如下：
1、避免“头重脚轻”
（1）形式主语
当句子的真正主语很长（动词不定式，动名词或名词从句），习惯上把it放在句首作形式主语，而把真正主语放在句子的后部：例如：
It is great honor for me to give a lecture here.
当句子的真正宾语很长（动词不定式，动名词或名词从句），习惯上把它们放在补语后面，而用it作形式宾语。例如：
Tom find it quite difficult to quit smoking.
基本结构：It+ be + that…
比如：It is real love that Tom has been searching for.
练习：
（1）
It was long before they realized the seriousness of the pollution.
（2）
It is no good leaving what you can do today to tomorrow.
（3）
It is a pity that many people fail to realize the importance.
（4）
It is a well-known fact that the development of a country depends on the quality of the young generation.
（5）
It is more important for most of people to have a pleasant and healthy life.
（6）
It is obvious that English has become an international language.
（7）
It is due to the reform and opening policy that our country has made such great achievements
（8）
I think it a good idea to forbid smoking in public places.
（9）
It was my English teacher who encouraged me not to lose heart when I was faced with difficulties in my English learning.
（10）
We think it necessary to make people fully aware of the danger of breaking the traffic rules.
（11）
It took human being hundreds of years to realize the importance of keeping the balance of nature.
（12）
It is unlikely that newspapers and books will be replaced by television.
（13）
We find it difficult to avoid people to do this.
（14）
I don’t think it worthwhile taking such trouble.
（15）
He made it clear that his conclusion was based on facts.
（16）
It is not what we say but wheat we do that matters.
（17）
It is only in this way can we achieve success.
病句分析：
1. As is known to all of us that science and technology play an
important role
in the development of society.
2. It is known to us, practice makes perfect.
1. It is known to all of us that science and technology play an
important role
in the development of society. (或:As is known to all of us,
science...)
2. It is known to us that practice makes perfect. (或:As is
known to us,
practice...)
五、that及what引导的从句
that作从属连词十可以引导主语从句，标语从句，同位语从句，宾语从句或介词宾语从句。
1）、that作从属连词
（1）中国肯定会成为世界强国之一。（主语从句）
That China will become one of the most powerful countries is certain.
（2）他甚至没有道歉，这使我非常生气。（主语从句）
That he didn’t even apologize made me angry.
（3）使我们感到兴奋的是，我们有很多书可读。（表语从句）
What makes us feel excited is that we have a wide variety of books to read.
（4）过去几年中，人们意识到自然界中所有的生物之间存在着微妙的平衡。（同位语从句）
During the last few years men have become aware of the fact that in the nature a most delicate balance exists between all beings.
2）、that作关系代词
（1）我们应该采取的措施之一是研究水资源再利用的方法。
One of the measures that we should take is to develop ways to reusing(recycling) water.
（2）她是唯一理解我的人。
She is the only person who understands me.
十四、分词作定语和状语
从语态、主语一致、时态三方面考虑
现在分词
1、听到这则消息，他们全部激动地跳了起来。
They, hearing the news, all jumped with excitement.
Hearing the news, they all jumped with excitement.
2、过马路的时候一定要小心。
You, crossing the road, are supposed to be careful.
(When) Crossing the road, you are supposed to be careful.
Going downstairs, the old lady fell down.
4、我试着开门，可是伤着了手。
Trying to open the door, I cut my hand.
5、那儿我已去过两次了，不想去了。
Having been there twice, I do not want to go.
6、他一路哼着英语去学校。
He went to school. Murmuring English softly to himself.
7、向右拐，你就能看到那条路了。
Turning right, you can’t miss the way.
8、那位老人突然离去，给家属留下了一大笔遗产。
The old man died all of a sudden, leaving so much wealth.
9、尽管我承认你没错，可我也没错。
Admitting you are right, I am not wrong either.
过去分词
1、要他留下，他不好意思走。
Asked to stay, he couldn’t very well leave.
2、从天塔看天津，这座城市其实非常漂亮。
Viewed from Tian Ta, the highest building in over 400 meters high, the city looks really beautiful.
3、战败后，他们撤退到了那个峡谷里。
Defeated, they withdrew themselves into the valley.
4、他被锁在屋里，无路可逃。
Locked in the room, he had no way to escape.
5、再给我一次机会，我一定做好。
Given another chance, I am sure I can accomplish it.
独立主格结构
1、她坐在那里，凝视着远方，泪流满面，嚎啕大哭。
She sat there, (while) staring into the distance, with tears flooding her face.
2、做完作业后，她很开心。
With his homework done (finished), she felt happy.
Finishing her homework, she felt happy.
3、她站在马路中央，两手叉腰。
She stood at the middle of the road, with two hands resting on her hips.
4、很多工作还没有做完，他没法去约会。
With a lot of work to do, he can’t have a date with his girl.
With + n (pron ) + adv(adj).
5、他过去窗户开着喜欢睡觉。
He used to sleep with the windows open.
6、她带上帽子，穿上大衣，出去了。
She went out with her hat and coat on.
7、他拿起菜刀就冲进了教室。
He dashed into the classroom with the chopping knife.
作业：
A．表原因
1、经理只宴请了几个人，因为他特别想和这些人谈谈，听听他们的意见。
The manager was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from.
2、公司里没人喜欢他们的老板，因为他脾气暴躁，人又小气。
No one in the company likes their boss, who is stingy and bad-tempered.
B． 表结果
3、两国正式建立了外交关系，从而为双方进一步的交流铺平了道路。
The two countries established formal diplomatic relation, which paved the way for the further communication.
4、他们夫妻二人天天吵架，最终导致离婚。
They quarelled with each other everyday, which led to their divorce.
C． 表让步
5、他坚持要再买一辆车，尽管他并不需要。
He insisted on buying another car, which he actually didn’t need.
6、尽管父亲认为这个办法可能不会起作用，但还是支持我。
My father, who thought it might not work, supported me.
D． 表目的
7、为了使新产品在市场热销，这个公司正在全力改进工艺和外包装。
This company, which wants to get their new product sold well in the market, is trying hard to perfect its packing and workmanship.
E． 表转折
8、她非常善良，体贴，而她妹妹却从不这样。
She is quite considerate and kind, which her younger sister never is.
9、要想在这一领域取得成功，需要渊博的知识及丰富的经验，而很少有人能具备这两点。
To succeed in this area, one needs profound knowledge and experience, which few has.
F． 表条件或假设
10、一种新产品，只要包装精美，质量过硬，宣传得力，就能在市场中热销。
A new product which has beautiful packing, good quality and advertising may very likely be a hit in market.
11、任何人，只要努力工作永不放弃，就能够成功。
Any one who works hard and never gives up will succeed.
（3）这可能是她写的最美的一首诗。
This is perhaps the most beautiful poem that she’s ever written
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