高一版本，我的学生们一起总结的，我会逐步总结更多的长难句，供大家分享！

1.“How can we go outing in this kind of weather? ”Bob said, having looked out of the window.

“这种天气我们怎么能出去郊游”Bob说时已经看着窗外。

Having looked 是现在分词完成式当谓语动词与主语是主动关系且动作发生在谓语动词之前时 用现在分词

 

2.They found that a physically fit population of a billion people would give off 1000 million tons less transportation-relaxed wastes a year than an overweight population would give off.

他们研究发现，每十亿个身体健康的人所产生的传输废物比超重的人要少十亿顿。

 

3.The heavier our bodies become , the harder and more unpleasant it is to move about in them , and the more dependent we become on our cars .

我们的身体变得越重，身体内部就越难变动，变得越加难受，这样我们就变动越加依赖汽车了。

 

4.One way to make sure you know the speech is to practice giving it many times before your actual presentation .

一种方法就是在真正演讲之前多做练习。

 

5.Mr. Fang will come to the party on Friday, which he promised to every one of us .

本句式用which 引导一个非限定性定语从句。 Which指代前面一整句的内容。在从句中promised的宾语.

 

6.a 17-year-old VS World record, steered his haltered sailboat into a southern .California harbor on Thursday the youngest person 40 sail around the world alone.

 

7.Strangely it was the over popularity of the smiley face that caused Harry Ball to become concerned that the meaning of the smiley face was being used wrongly.  

很奇怪，真是由于那种笑脸受到的过度欢迎使Harry Ball 担忧笑脸的意义正在错误的被大家使用。

 

 解析：over popularity 过度受欢迎的 concerned 关心，挂念   此句的谓语动词为 caused         it is/ was ….That…强调句型（不能强调谓语动词）

 

8.A study found keeping the mind busy with tasks, no matter how meaningless they may be , keeps negative emotions away .   

研究发现，使自己的思想一直忙于做一些事情，哪怕是一些毫无意义的事情，都能驱走的消极情绪。

 解析：研究发现任务使头脑保持繁忙就算它们没有意义也能使硝基漆的情绪离开       keep ….away …   使…离开…    meaningless 没有意义        negative emotions 消极的情绪  mind 大脑，理智     found 为此句的谓语动词， no matter how 引导让步状语从句

 

9. After they had completed the first they were made to wait for 15 minutes to receive the next one .

当他们完成第一次后，他们将被等待15分钟去接收下一次（任务）.

Wait for 等待   receive接受，接收    sb were made to (被动语态) 某人被迫做某事  主动语态  make sb do .

 

10. They were given a choice of handing in the first survey either nearby or at a more distant place they had to walk to.         

他们上交第一次调查必须进行一个选择，要么到近的地方要么到更远的地方.        

Give a choice 进行选择   either….Or…..   要么…要么….      Place 前省略了  that .也可将that 用which 代替      原句也可改成 …… a more distant place to which they had to walk .

 

11. Some are like a shooting tar, disappearing from us quickly but giving off so much light that they can guide us to the correct direction.

 

12. there are several tips  to use to over come the fear of making a mistake or looking foolish when you speak to a group              

when 引导定语从句 因为you speak to a group 在句中作状语

 

13. Harry Ball , an artist , was the man that created the smiley pace-the most recognized Symbol （象征）of good will and cheer on the planet, in 1963,strangely .it was the over popularity of the smiley face that caused Harry Ball to become concerned that the meaning of the smiley face was being used wrongly .   

分析：recognized：辨认出  will 愿望  cheer 欢呼  popularity 受欢迎 concerned 担忧               it that /was ..that…   强调句型

 

14. the world smile foundation’s slogan is “improving this world ,one smile at a time .

 

15. no matter how meaningless they may be ,keeps negative emotions away  .  no matter how 让步状语从句

 

16.“Governments may increase the happiness of idle citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless”.     

 

17. after many years of studying and then listening to feedback from people who have read and used the information in his books. George discovered that there are three basic things people need in order to make eating healthy foods their regular way of eating.

 

18. When I need a friend, you are there right by my side, I wish we could stay forever as one.

19.What is more important is that bikes are available to every one of us. Which makes it easily to organize the outing?   

 此句含有非限定性定语从句的主从复合句，在which引导的定语从句中 it 作为形式宾语代替动词不定式 to organize the outing

20.later, I realize the importance of English , so I got up early every morning , recited English words listened to English tapes and did a lot of exercise 后来，我认识到英语的重要性，所以每天起床很早 听英语磁带 并且做了很多练习

 

23   Tom can work wonders on computer.

翻译：汤姆在计算机方面可以创造奇迹。

难点是对work一词的理解。这里，work 是及物动词，意思是“产生、造成” ，所以 work wonders 就是“创造奇迹 ”。

 

24 I think it’s best to teach in a bigger city where there are other foreigners to mix with，rather than a small town where English teachers often complain of feeling like a gold fish in a bowl.

结构分析：

1）主句：I think ... 我认为...

2）宾语从句：it's best to teach in a bigger city ...，rather than a small town ...（主语是不定式，it 是形式主语）

最好在...大点儿的而不是小城市教书，

3) 嵌套定语从句：

* where there are other foreigners to mix with，

有其他外国人结交的（大城市）

* Where English teachers often complain of feeling like a gold fish in a bowl. 外国教师抱怨感到像囚在笼子里的一样（小城市）。

 

难点：

1）to mix with：介词 with 的逻辑宾语是 other foreigners，引申意思是“结交”

2）rather than：宁可...也不愿, 与其...倒不如, 而不是 （好像上次给你说过）

3）like a gold fish in a bowl. 修辞格，比喻地方窄小，像养在鱼缸里的金鱼一样活动不开。

 

25   The star salary if fine to live on，but whether you can save money depends on how much going out and traveling you do here.

翻译：那些走运的薪金如果足以赖以生存，然而是否攒钱的需要根据花出去多少、有多少让你移居此处供职而定。

注释：1）star 交好运

2）if fine：条件从句的省略：if it is fine （优等的，足以）

3）depend on：依靠, 依赖

4）how much going out：把多少钱花出去 （how much 是动名词短语的逻辑主语）

5）（how much）traveling you do here （多少钱）让你迁居到这里做事。（结构同上，travel是及物动词，意思是“使...移动”）

6）live on 赖以生存

 

26   ….background notes included 基本情况评论包括在内 （片语，只能这样翻译）

注释：background notes included 是独立主格结构，即：逻辑主语background notes + 过去分词 included ）

 

27    the result you build fluency month in and month out

只看出其中有定语从句 you build，但是整个句子缺少主要动词，无法分析。

* month in and month out 年年岁岁，年复一年，日复一日，月来月去

 

28    we guarantee that you have nothing to lose if it’s not for you

结构：主句 + 宾语从句（嵌套条件状语从句）

翻译：我们保证如果不是为你而如何的你什么也不会失去。（缺乏语境，不知道 it 指代什么。）

 

29.  the enthusiasm comes through in every edition

翻译：热心（热情, 狂热, 积极性）都在每个版本中有所流露。

* come through; 经历, 脱险, 传出, 捐助, 成功

    整理：石璀亮   指导：方桂华