加载中…| 分类： 英语 高二 |
Eg. Light travels faster than sound.
Voice 嗓音（多指人的声音）
Eg. Her voice is sweet.
Noise 噪音（多指不好的声音）
Eg. Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping.
Sound v. 听起来（系动词， 后接形容词）
Eg. What he said sounds reasonable.他所说的话听起来很有道理。
2. That makes poetry difficult to write, but very interesting to read.
此处注意：形容词的不定式不用被动语态。
Eg. The question is easy to answer.
3. stand out 突出
outstanding adj. 杰出的
eg. The girl who won the scholarship was quite outstanding.
Stand v. 忍受
Eg. I can’t stand him any more.
I can’t stand being laughed at.
Stand v. 位于
Eg. These dishes stand on the top shelf.这些碗盘是放在顶架上的。
4．Poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme.
Follow 跟随，追随，遵循
Eg. Follow one’s advice 采纳……的建议
As follows 如下的（多作表语）
Eg. My explanations are as follows.
Special 特殊的
Eg. The doctor gives the patience some special care.
Specially 专门地（侧重目的）
Eg. He went to Shanghai specially to see her sister.
Especially 尤其（侧重程度）
Eg. She likes the country, especially in spring.
5. belong to 属于（不用被动语态）
eg. This book belongs to Tom.
He belongs to this club.
6. Chinese readers admire his works…
work n. 作品（可数名词）
eg. It is an unusual work of art. 这是一件不同寻常的艺术作品。
Work n. 工作，事情（不可数名词）
Eg. I have a lot of work to do tonight.
Job n. 工作（可数名词）
Eg. He found a good job.
She offered him a good job.
7. remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事
eg. She reminds me of her mother.
Remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
Eg. Don’t forget to remind me to mail the letter.
Remind sb. that
Eg. He reminds me that I should mail the letter in time.
8. The next period that produced a great number of fine poets…
a number of + n. 许多，大量 （谓语动词用复数）
eg. A great number of fine poems were written by some famous poets.
The number of + n. …的数字 （谓语动词用单数）
Eg. The number of the students in our class is forty.
9. spend 花费
spend time\money in doing sth.( in可省略)
eg. He spent two hours in working out this problem.
Spend time\money on sth
Eg. He spent two hours on this problem.
10. …being able to read in English gives you much more choice.
Be able to do sth. 能做某事 （侧重经过努力能做……）
Eg. Though it is hard, I was able to work it out.
Much more+n. (不可数)
Eg. He has much more money.
Many more + n. (可数)
Eg. I have many more books than he does.
11. something of the spirit…
spirit 精神， 灵魂（不可数）
spirits 情绪（用复数）
eg. The students are in high spirits. 学生们情绪高昂。
12. Why read, and sometimes even write poetry?
Sometimes 有时
Eg. I sometimes watch TV after supper.
Sometime 某时(强调时间点)
Eg. He will be back sometime next Friday.
Some time 一段时间
Eg. I will stay here for some time.
13. …my feelings are more special…
feelings 用复数， 表示“（复杂）的感情、情感”
eg. I don’t want to hurt his feelings.
Feeling 感觉
Eg. A feeling of hunger 饥饿感
14. in the beginning 起初，当初
eg. In the beginning I felt quite strange.
At the beginning of…在……之初
Eg. At the beginning of new term…
15. Reading aloud gives you a strange feeling…
aloud 出声（侧重由无声到有声）
loud 大声地（侧重声音由低到高）
eg. Please speak loud\loudly. I can’t hear you clearly.
2.belong to 属于
3.contribute to 为……作贡献，有助于
4.come into being 出现；形成；产生
5.absence 不在；缺席；缺乏
6.shade 阴凉处；暗部
7.apart 相隔；相距；除去
8.recommend 推荐；介绍；劝告；建议
9.collection 收藏品；募集；收集
10.stupidity 愚蠢；笨；呆头呆脑
课文精讲
1.Modern English started around the time of Shakespeare, towards the end of the sixteenth century.
现代英语的开端大约在莎士比亚时代，接近16世纪末。
time 表示“历史时期，时代”，为可数名词，也可用times。如：
In ancient times infant mortality was extremely high.在古代，婴儿死亡率极高。
England got greatly developed in Queen Victoria’s time.
英国在维多利亚女王时代得到了极大的发展。
In modern times, pollution is a serious problem.现代，污染是一个严重的问题。
toward(s) 表示时间，意为“接近，将近，快要到（某个时刻）”。
Toward dawn we found ourselves in a large valley.快天亮时，我们走进了一个大的山谷。
Towards the end of the afternoon, it began to rain.将近黄昏时，开始下雨了。
2. Shakespeare is most famous for his plays.
莎士比亚因其戏剧而非常出名。
most＝very意思是“很；非常”。在非正式文体中most不表示最高级，而是用作副词，用法和意义同very. 如：
That’s most kids of you.你心肠真好。
We had a most enjoyable party.我们开了一个令人极为愉快的晚会。
He will most certainly come.他一定会来。
3. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
他的作品一出版，就因其每一行的结尾不押韵而出名。
once published相当于once his work was published, 在句中做时间状语。由于主从句中的主语相同，所以可将从句中的主语省略，直接用过去分词表示被动。
once用作连词，表示after(在……之后)或as soon as(一……就……)的意思。它常暗示某事已经完成，并且大多和完成时连用。如：
Once you have passed your test I’ll let you drive my car.
你考试通过了之后，我就让你开我的车。
I’d like to go for a walk once the rain has stopped.雨一停下来，我就去散步。
Once you know how to ride a bike you never forget it.
你一旦学会了骑自行车，就永远忘不了怎么骑。
词语辨析
1.become, turn
二者均意为“变成”，后接名词时，become后接冠词，而turn不接。如：
He became a teacher.
He turned teacher.
他成为了一名教师。
2.be afraid to do, be afraid of doing
二者均意为“害怕做某事”，而 be afraid of doing还可意为“担心某事会发生”。如：
He is afraid to go home because he is afraid of being beaten by his father.
他不敢回家因为怕被父亲打。
3.used to do, be used to doing
used to do意为“过去常常做某事”，而be used to doing意为“习惯于做某事”。如：
I used to get up at 7, but now I don’t. 我过去经常七点钟起床，但现在不了。
I’m used to getting up at 7 now.我现在习惯于七点钟起床。
4。aloud, loud
aloud意为“出声地”，loud意为“大声地”。如：
If you want to learn English well, you’d better read aloud instead of in silence.
如果你想学好英语，你最好朗读，而不是默读。
Speak loud so that the people at the back can hear you.大声说话好让后面的人听见。
5.until, not…until…
until前的动词多为延续性动词。not until前的动词多为点动词。两者的意思也不同。until意为“直到”，而not…until…意为“直到……才……”。如：
I waited until he came back.我一直等着直到他回来。
I didn’t go to bed until he came back.直到他回来我才睡觉。
语法讲解
本单元的语法重点是过去分词作状语。
过去分词在句中可以作让步状语、时间状语、原因状语、条件状语及方式或伴随状语等。这时句子的主语和过去分词之间是被动的关系，即主语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
1）过去分词作原因状语时相当于一个because所引导的原因状语从句。
Born in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.
出生在一个贫困家庭，他只上过两年学。
Greatly inspired by the teacher’s words, I have made up my mind to work at English even harder.受到老师的话的鼓舞，我决心更加努力学习英语。
2）过去分词作时间状语时相当于一个由when或while所引导的时间状语从句。
Seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful.从山上看，公园很漂亮。
Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
当被翻译成英语时，这个句子的语序完全不同。
3）过去分词也可以表示一种假设的情况，相当于一个条件状语从句。
Given more time, the work would have been finished.
如果时间更充裕的话，这项工作能够被完成。
He won’t come unless invited.除非邀请他，否则他是不会来的。
4）如果在过去分词前加上though或although等词，就变成了一个让步状语从句。
Though told not to be late again, Mike didn’t get to school on time.
尽管被告知不能再迟到，迈克还是上学来晚了。
Though warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.
尽管被警告有危险，他还是在薄薄的冰面上滑冰。
5）过去分词作方式或伴随状语时往往表示动作发生的背景或情况。
The professor came into the laboratory, followed by a group of students.
教授走进实验室，后面跟着一群学生。
Encouraged by those successes, they decided to go on with their research.
受到那些胜利的激励，他们决定继续研究工作。
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