vary (from…to) vi.
变化,有不同,呈差异;改变,使不同;vt.改变,变更,修改;指各种的间续变化
change v. 指本质上的变化
注:由vary“变化”衍生出的词:①adj. variable易变的;varied
种种的;various 各式各样的
②n. variance意见上的不同;variation变化;variety 多样性
eg:People vary in their ideas.
Price varies from day to day.
Temperature varies between -10℃ to 10℃ within a day in
winter.
call off 取消
set off 出发,启程;引起,激起;引爆
break off 中止,中断,停止
wear off 逐渐消失,逐渐减少
call up
①从计算机中调出(信息)②使人想起,回忆起 ③(美)给……打电话
eg:I called Tom up.
The sound of seagulls called
up happy memories of his childhood holidays.
call on sb. 拜访某人
call on sb. to-v 号召或呼吁某人做某事;不说call sb. on
call for sb. 来找或打电话找某人;不说call sb. for
call sb. off 把……叫去
urge vt. 催促,敦促,力劝;驱策,鼓励
句型:urge+(含有动作意义的)名词
urge sb. for sth.
urge sth. upon sb.
upge sb. to action\efforts
urge sb. to-v.
urge that sb. do (从句谓语用虚拟语气should+do,should可省略)
encourage vt.
鼓励,支持,助长
encourage sb. to-v
suggest vt. 建议,提议;使人想起,暗示
句型:suggest an investigation; suggest-ing; suggest that sb.
do
注:表示“建议”时从句谓语用虚拟语气<should+>do;表示“使人想起,暗示,提出某种看法”时从句谓语用陈述语气;一般不说suggest
to-v,偶尔可见到此句型。
reason vt. 推论,推理说;vi. 劝告(with)
句型:reason
with sb.\out sth.\that…;reason sb. into –ing\out of sth.
通过讲道理使某人做/不做某事
advise vt.
建议,劝告;(商业术语)通知,告知;后加of.
句型:advise
sth.; advise sb. on\as to sth.;advise sb. to-v\against -ing;
advise that sb.
do(从句谓语用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可省略)
advise sb. of sth. 通知
propose vt. 提议,建议;vi. 求婚
句型:propose sth.; propose to-v\-ing; propose that sb.
do(从句谓语用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可省略)
eg:James
Hill proposed to Mary and she accepted his proposal.
advice n.[u] 劝告,建议;
注:advice为不可数名词,不能与不定冠词 a 连用,“一条劝告”应说 a
piece of advice
grateful adj. 感激的,感谢的; grateful to sb.
for sth.; grateful that…
appreciative adj. appreciative of sth.
有欣赏力的,表示赏识的;感激的
eg:an appreciative letter 感谢信
I’m most appreciative of your
generosity.我对你的慷慨感激之至
cue n. 提示;暗示,信号
take one’s
cue from sb. 学……的样;听……的劝告;
follow sb’s
cue 按某人的指点行事
on cue
恰在这个时候
advice n.[u] 劝告,意见
instruction n.(pl.) 命令,指示,用法说明
注:advice 和 instruction 均是通过口授的方式给予劝告或指示,cue
则不是
counsel vt.
劝告,提议
to counsel sb. on sth.\to-v
fault n.
过失,过错;缺点,毛病;(机械)故障;强调过失的责任或性格上的弱点。
be at fault
有错,有责任
find fault with 抱怨,找岔子,挑毛病
blame n. (过错,事故的)责任;责备,责怪
mistake 强调日常生活中判断和看法的错误
error 强调违反某一标准做的错事
wrong
坏事、冤屈、不道德,犯罪
right a wrong 矫正,雪冤;do wrong 做错,作恶,犯罪
固定搭配:in error 搞错;an error of judgement 判断错误;by mistake
弄错
put sb. in the wrong\do sb. wrong 冤枉某人
slip n.
疏忽,小错,口误,笔误
a slip of tongue\of the pen 口/笔误
defect n.
(可指个人性格、机械、计划等中的)缺点、缺陷、毛病
deficiency n.
(多指抽象事物的)缺点,缺陷;缺乏,不足(某种东西)
eg:the deficiency in the plan; a deficiency of vitamin
care vi.
关心,介意(一般用于否定句或疑问句中)
care about
关心,在乎;只表示认为某事重要并产生兴趣或忧虑,常用于疑问句和否定句;后接从句时about要省略
care for
①喜欢;常用于疑问句或否定句 ②照顾,是较正式的用语
take care
[+to-v.或+(that)从句;=(be careful)]小心,当心 eg:Take care not
to drop it.
take care of
(=look after) 照顾,爱护
concern vt.①使关心,使挂念
concern oneself with\in\about sth. 忙于(某事);关心(某事)
eg:There is no need to concern yourself with this matter,we are
dealing with it.
你不用管这事了,我们正在处理。
②使(某人)担忧;使烦恼;打扰
eg:Our losses are beginning to concern me.
我们的损失使我担心起来
idm.习语:as\so far as sb.\sth. is concerned 就某人某物而言
be concerned in sth. 与某事有牵连或对某事负有责任
be concerned with sth. 与某事物有关;涉及某事物
neat 清洁整齐的 neat clothes
整洁的衣服
tidy
清洁且整理得井然有序
a tidy room 井然有序的房间
trim 除含neat,tidy意思之外,尚有“外表美观”的意思
succeed (to) v.
继承(职业、遗产等);接着是;接替;
注:表示“继承”时后跟to,表示“接替、接着是”后直接跟宾语
eg:He will succeed me as full director.
Elizabeth succeed to the
throne.
Night succeeds day.
inherit vt.
继承(以人作主语,以遗产、官衔、父母的品质或特点等名词作宾语)
slide v. 在一个光滑的表面持续地滑动
slip vi. 意外而不自主地滑动
glide vi. 与slide同义,但另有“滑翔”之义
try on 试穿(衣服)
try out 试用,试验
keep\be in
touch with
与……保持联系;随时了解……的情况
get in touch
with 与……取得联系
bring…in\into touch with
使接触,使认识
lose\get\be out of touch with
和……失去联系;不了解(……的最新情况)
outstanding adj. ⑴杰出的,优秀的
⑵通常作定语,地位显著的;为人瞩目的;突出的
obvious adj. 显然的;明显的;明白的;清楚的
distinct adj.
⑴清晰的;清楚的;明显的;明白的;明确的
⑵distinct from sth. 种类不同的,分开的
apparent adj.
⑴作表语,清楚易见或易懂;明显,显然
eg:Certain problems were apparent from the outset.
有些问题从一开始就是显而易见的
⑵表面上的,假的
eg:Their affluence is more apparent than
real.
他们的富有是虚有其表(并非像看上去的那么阔)
remarkable adj. remarkable for sth.
值得注意的,不寻常的;独特的
pride oneself on
对……感到自豪,自夸,为……感到骄傲
take pride in
为……感到骄傲
be proud
of\to be\that… 为……感到骄傲
have (one’s)
pride in 对……感到骄傲
deny ⑴vt.①(+n.\-ing\that从句)否定,否认;eg:It cannot be
denied that…这一事实是不容否认的
②拒绝,不给予(+n.或双宾语)
③克制
⑵vi.否定;拒绝 deny oneself
节制,戒绝,摒弃
deny oneself to… 不会见(客人)
eg:She denied herself to callers. 她谢绝了访客
deny having done sth. 否认曾做过某事
deny sth. to be true
sin
vi. sin
against sth. 违反戒律,犯过错 eg:It’s human to
sin. 犯错是人之常情
defy vt.
(公然)违抗,反抗;(以事物作主语)使成为不可能;挑,激
refuse vt. 拒绝; 句型:refuse
sth.; refuse to -v; 后面不跟从句
violate vt.
违反,违背(规则、原则、条约等)
eg:These findings appears to violate the laws of physics.
这些研究结果似乎有违物理定律。
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