characteristic (of) adj. ……特有的,典型的;n.特征,特性
eg:Windy
days are characteristic of March.
specific (about) adj.
(多作定语)明确的,具体的;特定的,特有的
peculiar (in sth.\to sb.) adj. 奇怪的,古怪的;特殊的;独特的
particular (about) adj.
特定的;特殊的,特有的;过分讲究的,挑剔的,含有“个别”的意思,强调特殊场合下的“特殊”情况
special adj. 一般场合下的“特殊”,较普通
especial adj. 与special同义,表示事情不寻常,口语中多用后者
as regards
关于,至于(regard在此属于动词,一般现在时第三人称单数,as是代词,但在长期的使用过程中as
regards逐渐变成了一个固定成语,起介词短语的作用,相当于in\with
regard to,不管句子的谓语使用什么时态,as regards永远不变 )
concerning prep.
关于。一般放在名词后面作定语,偶尔用在句首,用在句首时可用as
regards代替
eg:He spoke
of the
difficulty concerning
Vesta.
her feelings
concerning the
arrival of
Sophia
注:with
regards for 和 in
regard with 不是成语
as for\to 至于,关于
cure vt.
治愈,治好;消除,改正(坏毛病)一般指内科病
句型:cure an illness
治好病
cure sb. (illness)为某人治好病
cure sb. of
an illness 治好某人的病
cure sb. of
a bad habit
使某人改掉坏习惯
cure sb. of
one’s bad habit
treat vt. 治疗,医治。
句型:treat sb. 为某人治病
treat an illness 治病
treat sb. for
an illness\disease 为某人治病
treat sb.\a disease
heal v.
(多指外伤)(使)愈合,(使)痊愈,(使)康复
eg:This wound
will soon heal.
It soon
healed up\over.
Time heals
all wounds.
He was heals
of his disease.
recover vt.
恢复,康复,痊愈;重新获得,重新找到;指用自己的力量恢复原状,如恢复失去的财产、物、土地、力量、健康、食欲、爱情、自由、官位等
to recover one’s
breath\health\consciousness\spirits\reputation;
recover from an illness
restore vt.
恢复,使回复(到原状);归还,交还;修复,重建;指用他力恢复旧状
eg:His health was recovered. 他恢复了自己的健康
His health was restored to
him. (他人使)使他的健康恢复
rally vi.恢复(健康、体力等);重新振作
eg:He soon
rallied from the shock of his father’s death.
The team rallied in the second half.
therapy n. [u.] 治疗、疗法;理疗
cure (for) n. [c.][u.]
疗法;治疗,治愈;药
remedy n.
①[c.]祛除或减轻病痛的治疗(法)、药物等②[c.u.]矫正、纠正或消除某不良事物之方法
remedy for sth.
have not
the least
intention of-ing
一点也不打算
have not the
least idea of
对……一点也不了解
appliance n.
[c.]器具,器械,装置
eg:electrical appliance
facility n. 便利,容易;[pl.]设施、设备
instrument n. [c.](科学)仪器;器械;乐器
equipment n. [u.] 装备,设备,器材
注:equipment在英语中多作不可数名词,在美语中可用复数形式
popular (with)
sb. adj.
广受欢迎的,有名的;流行的,通俗的,大众的
welcome adj.
受欢迎的
eg:be welcome
to
欢迎到……来(作adj.不说welcome with)
at the
moment 此时,此刻,目前
in a moment
立即,马上,一会儿
for the
moment 暂时,目前
for a moment
一会儿
not for a
moment 一刻也不,一点也不,绝不
contribute (to) vt.
捐献,捐助,贡献;(向报刊)投稿
eg:He contributed ¥50
to the
charity fund
every payday.
He did not
contribute one
idea to the
discussion.
I contribute
to magazines sometime.
Fresh air
contributes to
good health.
endow vt.
资助,向……捐赠;(天然)给予,赋予
注:endow①表示资助、捐赠时后面以医院、学校作宾语,不以钱作宾语;
②表“给予、赋予”时一般指“使具有某种天赋”。表示具有某种天赋时常用于被动语态。
句型:endow sb.
with sth.
使某人天生具有(任何好的品质或能力)。
eg:She’s endowed
with intelligence
as well as
beauty. 她生来聪明貌美。
sacrifice (to) vt. ①供奉,奉祭;祭祀
sacrifice to sb. sacrifice sth.
(to) sb. make a sacrifice of
(sth.) to sb.
②牺牲某事物 sacrifice
sth. (to sb.\sth.)
n. ①sacrifice (to
sb.) [u.]供奉,献祭,祭祀
[c.]贡品,祭品,牺牲
②[u.]放弃某事物(常指为获得更重要或更有价值的东西)[c.]牺牲的事物
present vt. 赠(送),呈献;提出,呈交
present sb.
with
sth.
present sth.
to sb.
devote (to) vt.
将……奉献给,把……专用于,致力于。
此处的to是介词
express vt. 表达,表示
extend vt.
致,给予;多以welcome\sympathy\invitation\congratulations\greetings\best
regards\help等作宾语
注:express可以说“以……方式表示感谢”而不说extend one’s thanks
by-ing;一般不说offer one’s thanks to
sb.不说indicate one’s thanks to sb.
with ease 毫不费劲地,轻而易举地
(be) at ease
自在,随便,不拘束
put\set sb.
at ease
使……不拘束,使……安心
be ill at
ease 不安,感到拘束
注:in ease 和 with easiness
不是成语
give away
(有意或无意地)泄露,暴露(秘密);分发,赠送
give off 释放,放出
give up
辞去;放弃;停止(后面跟宾语)
give out
分发,散发(物品);(从内部)发出
give in
认输,让步,屈服(to);交上,呈上
give in sth.
fall to
开始吃,开始干,开始做,后可跟名词或动名词,也可单用
fall through
(一般指计划、工程、交易、协议等)失败,落空,没成功,没能实现
eg: The whole plan\The scheme\The project\The bargain\The contract
fell through.
fall away
(产量、人数等)(逐渐)下降,降低,减少;脱离,离开
fall off
(数量)减少;(质量)下降,(水平)降低
fall apart
散开;垮掉;崩溃
fall\lag behind 落后
fall out
脱落;吵架,失和(with sb.)
fall in with
同意,赞成,支持;依从
eg:He fell in
with my views
at once.
He doesn’t
fall in with
such suggestions.
supplement vt.
增补,补充
supplement sth.
with sth.
eg:I supplement my grant by working in the evenings.
我除享受助学金外还打夜工以增加收入
She supplements her diet with vitamin
tables.她服用维生素片剂以补充规定食谱中的营养
replenish vt.
重新充实,补充(消耗掉的东西)
replenish sth.
with sth.
再将某物充满 eg:Let me replenish your glass with more
wine.我给你把杯子再斟满吧;
replenish one’s
wardrobe 添置衣服。
补充某物
contrary (to) adj.
相反的,违反……的(性质、倾向、方向上)
opposite (to) adj.
相反的,对立的;在……对面;无比较级
oppose vt. 反对(注意区分oppose
和opposed to:
oppose是vt.直接跟宾语,表示“反对”这一动作;be
opposed to
表示对……持“反对”态度这一状态)
differ (from\with) vi.
不同,相异;与……有分歧
on the
contrary
意思为“正好相反”,用来表示相反的意思,即说某事不是真的
eg:”The job wasn’t interesting,was it?””On the contrary,it was
fascinating.I love it.”
“那工作没多大意思吧?”“恰恰相反,那件工作有意思极了,我很喜欢。”
on the other
hand
意思为“然而,……也是对的”,是为了说明问题的另一方面。
eg:The job
wasn’t very
interesting,but on
the other
hand it was
well-paid.
那个工作没多大意思,但另一个方面工资却很高。
one in a
million 稀有的,难得的
one for\to a
million (表示比例关系)每一百万个有一个
one against a
million (表示对比关系)一比一百万
effect n. 结果;效果;作用,影响
have [no] effect on sb.\sth. “对……有/没有影响”
be of no effect (表语)没有作用
without effect (状语)没有作用
to no effect (状语)不起作用
to that effect (后置定语或状语)那个意思的(话)
eg:She called him a coward or words to that effect.
When I leave I’ll write you to that effect.
to the effect that… (后置定语,实际引导一个同位语从句)意思是
eg:He has made a declaration to the effect that all fighting must
cease at once.
affect vt. 影响;(在感情方面)打动(某人)
effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试
afford vt. 买得起,花得起,负担得起
rate n.
率,比率;速度;费、价格。一般用词,常用来指各种百分率,如利率、速率等
习惯用法:rate of interest\production; birth rate; death rate; at a
rate of
eg:A plan to improve the rate of production.
the birth\death rate; read at the rate of 100 words a minute; go at
a rapid rate;
rate of exchange 外汇比价
ratio n.
比,比率,仅用在数字和计算上 in the ratio of A to
B, A与B之比
eg:the ratio of 1 to 5; He has sheep and cows in the ratio of 10 to
3.
The ratio of pupils to teachers is 30 to 1.
The ratio between selling and cost price is 3 to 1
The ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in water is 2 to 1.
proportion n.
比例;科学上用语,指各部分的相称
alone adj.\adv.
表示“单独、独自一个人”,不含感情色彩
eg:She lives alone,but she doesn’t feel lonely.
alone不能用very修饰,而要说very much alone或all
alone
all alone 独自;独立
leave\let…alone 听任,别打扰
eg:Leave my books
alone.别动我的书
let alone 更不用说
eg:The baby can’t even walk, let alone run.
lonely adj.
指人孤独寂寞,指地方荒无人烟,有浓厚的伤感色彩,可作定语或表语
a lonely village
孤独的村庄
lone adj.
指人孤独,指物是单独一个,是定语形容词
eg:a lone tree in the garden.园里唯一的树
a lone figure trudging through the snow
一个步履维艰地独自走在雪地中的人
lonesome adj.
表示“孤独的”、“冷清的”,指人感到寂寞孤独的情绪,可作定语或表语
eg:She is lonesome without the
chidren.孩子们不在,她觉得很寂寞。
注:①alone和solitary(adj.无比较等级)都用于形容一人或一事物与他人/事物相分离
alone和solitary形容的人可能是其本人愿意如此,这两个词并无不愉快的意思。
alone不用于名词前;只能作表语
在口语中常用on my、our…own或by
myself\ourselves等,而不用alone
②lonely及在美式英语中用的lonesome,指并非本人愿意如此,含有不愉快之意
③lonely和solitary可用以形容很少有人到的偏僻地方
at (long) last
最后,终于(表示经过长时间的等待或努力终于等到了或终于完成了)
till the last 直到最后
by the end
到了最后
at the end
在最后,最后时
available adj.
可利用的;可得到的;有空的,不忙的
eg:The teacher is not available now.
approachable adj.
(场所)可进入的,可接近的,(人)易亲近的,可亲近的
attainable adj. 可达到的,可达成的
applicable adj. 可应用的;适用的,合适的
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