sympathize (with)
vi.“同情、怜悯;体谅,赞同”
eg:I sympathize
with all
those who are
poor;
I sympathize
with your
point of view.
approve (of)
v. 赞同,同意;批准,核准
consent (to)
vi.\n.同意、赞成
with\without sb’s
consent得到/没有争得……的同意
by common consent
“公认”;
作vi.有以下句型:consent
to-v;consent to
sth.\to sb’s-ing
consistent
adj.①(指人、人的行为、观点等)一贯的、前后一致的;
②作表语,consistent with
sth.一致、相符
invariable adj.
永恒不变的;始终如一的;恒定的
get over
从(疾病、失望、震惊)中恢复过来;克服(困难)解决(问题)
get away
走开,离开;逃脱
+with+O.做了坏事不受惩罚被放过
get off
下(车、船、飞机);逃脱惩罚;
get off with
(sb.) 与……要好起来
get out
离去;(消息)被泄漏;取出,除去
get rid of
处理掉,丢弃;摆脱,除去
get out of
“从……出来”
get ahead of
赶在……的前面
get over with
做完
get down to
开始认真地做,着手
eg:It’s time
we got down
to business.
Let’s get
down to the
problem.
get on with
继续进行;与……友好相处
get on to
接着(干下一件事)
get down 从……下来,写下
get off from
(work) 下班
get off with
(受到一点惩罚)被放过;(受点损失)避免了大祸
get down to
sth. 开始认真干某事
get around to
找到时间(做某事)
get around
消息传开;四处走走;回避,绕过
get by
通过;过得去,凑合,敷衍过去;维持生活
eg:Your work
will get
by,by try to
improve it.
Mary can get
by with her
old coat this
winter.
She can’t
get by on
such a small
income.
How can I
get by while
you stand in
the way.
get along
with
(工作)进展,进行得(如何);相处(如何)
get to-v
表示一个渐进的过程,如:get to
know sb.
get the best
of 战胜,占优势,得到好处,占……便宜
eg:Our team
got the best
of visitors
in the last
quarter;
Dave wanted to study till midnight, but sleepiness got the best of
him.
注:可以说win\achieve\score\gain
a victory
over sb. 不说get
victory of
get the
better of 占上风,打赢
get\drive at
想说明(……的问题),是……的意思(注:该短语一般与what连用,并要用进行时态)
get…across (to
sb.) 把……讲清楚,让听懂,使被了解
eg: He got
his meaning
across.
He get across
a theory to
his students.
The message
got across
all night.
get through
with sth. 干完,完成
a triumph
for sb. 某人胜利
a triumph
over sb. 战胜某人
admit vt.
承认,供认,招认(常为不情愿地);坦白某事物。
acknowledge
vt.
承认(某事物)属实;供认(某事物);接受或承认某事物
similar (to)
adj. 相似的,类似的
alike adj.
只作表语,同样的,想象的
same adj.
相同的,一样的(必须与定冠词连用)
like adj.
(表语或定语)想象的,相同的
carry out
进行,贯彻,执行
carry through 完成,实现;
将……进行到底
carry off
拿走,夺走
carry about
(with oneself)随身携带
on
后跟名词或表示动作意义的名词时,表示这个动作一发生,句子谓语的动作就接着发生,可译为“一……(就……);在……时”
eg:I shall
write to him
on hearing
from you.
The boys
stood up on
the entrance
of the headmaster.
at
后跟表示动作意义的名词,如:at
sb’s
request\demand\call\invitation\the
mention of\the
thought of\the
vision of
等,表示引起句子谓语动作发生的原因,可译为:“应……的请求/要求/呼吁/邀请/一提到/一想起/一看到等”
eg:He was
writing at
the request
of Prof. Smith.
My heart
stood still
at the vision
of Alison in
a white dress.
hang on
(单独用)坚持(继续干);紧紧抓住不放;等待片刻;(打电话)不放话筒,稍等;(跟宾语)有赖于,取决于
hang about 闲荡,闲呆着
eg:We hang
about until
the shops opened.
A strange-looking
person was
hanging about
the bus stop.
hang up (打电话)挂断
hang on to\onto 紧紧抓住
would\had rather
do A(than do
B) 宁愿……(而不愿)
eg:He would
rather listen
to others
than talk himself.
I’d rather
have the red
one than the
green one.
I’d rather
deal with a
man than with
a woman.
I’d rather
you knew that
now than afterwards.
Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the
streets.
从以上各例句不难看出:than前后比较的成分须等对,可以是动词不定式、名词或介词短语
prefer vt. 更喜欢,宁愿
句型:prefer A
to B;prefer
doing A to
doing B;
prefer to do
A than do
B
would like
愿意,希望。
句型:would like
sth.\-ing\to-v\sb. to-v.
feel like
sth.\-ing 感想到
bring sth.
to mind 使回想起
eg: The story you have just told brings to mind a strange thing
that once happened to me.
refresh vt.
使精神振作,使精力恢复;使记起(以人作主语,常说refresh
sb’s memory)
remind vt.
使想起,提醒。
句型:remind sb.
of\about
sth.
remind sb. to-v.
remind sb. that…;
注:remind的主语可以是人或事物,但宾语必须是人
recall vt.
回忆,(使)回想起;召回,收回
句型:可以以人作主语 recall
sth.\-ing\having done\that…
以事物作主语 recall sb’s
sth.\sth. to sb.
recollect vt.
回想,记得
hand over
交出,移交
hand sth.
over to sb.
hand in (to)
交上,递交
hand out (to)
奋发,散发
hand down
(to) 把……传下去,把……传下来
hand on (to)
把……传给下一人
get out of
hand (以事物作主语)失去控制
fall\come\get into
the hands of
落到……的手中;(没有get into
hand的说法)
off hand
(状语)脱口而出,立即(回答)
at hand
在手边,在附近,在跟前的
eg:I with
you to be at hand during my interview with the police.
by hand 手工(做)的;亲手递交的(不是邮局寄来的)
in hand 手头上的,待办理的;被控制住的
injure
伤害,损害,损伤。一般指事故伤害;
damage vt.
(一般指对物体)毁坏,损害;可造成有形的或无形的损伤
harm vt.
伤害,损害,危害(可指对物体或人造成有形的或无形的、肉体的或精神上的、具体的或抽象的损害或伤害);一般指有意地或无意地造成的有形的、精神的或抽象意义上的伤害
wound
vt.使受伤,伤害;一般指在战争中或斗殴中造成的枪伤或刀伤,也可指对某人造成精神荣誉或情感上的伤害
hurt vt.
危害,损害;使受伤;伤……的感情(可指造成有形的或无形的损害);一般指在事故中受伤;
spoil vt. 损坏,破坏……的性质
destroy vt. 破坏,毁灭,消灭
rare adj.
很少见到的东西或很少发生的现象,可用rare一词来表达。这类东西或现象可能在过去很普通:eg:The
panda is now
a rare
animal.熊猫现在是稀有动物。
A top hat
is a rare
sight these
days.高顶大礼帽现在已不多见;
这类事物有的可能有特殊价值eg: a
painting of
rare distinction
一幅稀世之珍的画儿
scarce
adj.有些东西,通常为日用品,因匮乏而难以得到。主要含义是:东西虽有,但很稀少
eg: Water is
scarce in the
desert.在沙漠里水是很难得到的
Strawberries are
scarce this year.
今年草莓很少
be short
of
(表语)不足,缺乏;(状语)离……还有(……距离)
eg: We are
short of funds.
The firm was
short of men.
The car broke down when we were still fire miles short of our
destination.
insufficient (for\in)
adj.不足的,不够的
inadequate (for\to)
adj. 不充分的,不充足的,不够条件的
lack (of) n.
缺乏,不足,没有
lacking (in)
adj.
缺乏(某种品质、特点等)注:lacking在此可以称作形容词或现在分词,后面跟in+名词,这里的名词一般是表示品质、特点的抽象名词
permission n. [u.]
允许,许可,准许
permit n. [c.] 许可证,执照
concession (to)
n. 让步;特许,特许权
eg:As a concession to the public outcry, the Government reduced the
tax on petrol.
The union was ready to make concessions at the bargaining
table.
Perhaps we
should a hand
on our oil
concessions.“租借地”
on the
edge of 在……边缘;即将
be on the
point of
(when) 正要,就要……(这时)
on (the) top
of 在……上面;除……之外,而且
to the point
谈正题,谈到点子上
on the point
(of-doing) 就要,正要
a case in
point 说明……的例子(注意point前无定冠词)
be on the
watch for
提防,警惕,当心,留心
on watch
站岗,值勤守夜(不说on watch
for)
stand\be on
guard 站岗,值勤
be on\keep on
one’s guard
(against) 警惕,提防(不说on the guard
for)(习惯上用物主代词)
be on (one’s) guard against 警惕,提防
alert adj.
留神的,注意的;警觉的,警惕的;
n.警戒(状态),戒备(状态)
句型:be alert
to sth. 警惕,提防
be on the
alert for
警戒着,提防,随时准备着,密切注意着,不说at
alert for
eg:The motherland has many enemies and must ever be on the
alert.
She was
always on the
alert for
some new calamity.
be on the
look-out for
寻找,提防(注意用定冠词)
watch n.
看管,监视(注意以下几个习惯用法:be\go\stand
on watch)
keep watch 站岗,警卫
be on the
watch for\ keep
[a] watch for
提防、警惕、当心
cut into
减少;插嘴谈话;以事物作主语
eg:All this extra
homework cut
into his weekends.
She cuts into
our conversation
several times.
cut down 缩减,减少
eg:I have
decided to
cut down my
smoking.
I’m going to
cut down on
a lot of
things.
Cut the
article down
to 2000 words.
cut back
缩减,削减,急忙返回
eg:We must
cut back our
expenses.
注:cut back\
cut down\ cut
into都可“表示”减少之义,但cut
into与前两个用法不同,前两个短语以人作主语,cut
into以事物作主语。
cut out
割去,删去;不吃,不喝
eg:Let’s cut
out all the
unimportant details.
The doctor
cut out his
tonsils.
He has
decided to
cut out
smoking and drinking.
cut through
(从中间)穿过,穿透
cut…short 打断(某人讲话);中间(活动)
eg: I cut him
short in the
middle of his
explanation.
The meeting
was cut short
when the
chairman was ill.
cut short
one’s holidays;cut
sb. short
do sth.
against one’s
will 违背自己意愿地,违心地
at will
任意地,随自己意地
with a will
热情地,努力地,起劲地
of one’s own
will 出于自愿地
不说in\to\at one’s will
prior (to)
adj. 优先的,在前的(prior
to 在……之前)
eg: I have a
prior engagement.
I have not
met him prior
to today.
priority n. [c.] 应优先考虑(或处理的事)
[u.]优先(权),更大重要性
eg: Road building
is a first
priority.
The arrangement
of this
business agreement
is a top
priority.
preceding adj.
(定语)在先的,在前的,前面的
follow adj.
接着的,下列的 prep. 在……之后的
former adj.
(以)前的,在前的,过去的,从前的
eg: one’s former
friends;a former
journalist;in former
times
previous (to)
adj. 先,前,以前的;在……之前
eg: on the previous day;the previous week;his previous
attempts;previous to her departure
late adj.
以前的,已故的;末期的,晚期的;迟的,晚的
keep up
with
跟上(步伐、速度、工作进度、时代);了解(最新情况)
keep back
(from)
隐瞒,保留(秘密);阻止,抑制(眼泪)
eg:I’ll keep
nothing back
from you.
He kept back
some of the
facts.
to keep back
tears
keep sb.
company\keep company
with sb.
跟……作伴;与……一道(到某地)
keep off
(使)不接近,(使)让开
keep down
压缩、控制(使不上涨);压制,镇压
keep to 遵守,信守;坚持
keep pace
with
与……前进,与……并驾齐驱,跟上(步伐)
eg:to keep
pace with the
times
Go
slower,I can’t
keep pace
with you at
this rate.
注:没有成语keep advance\progress with;只可以说keep in touch
with和……保持联系;了解(情况);不说keep touch with
be in line
排成一行
be in line
for 下面该轮到
in line with
(表语)符合,与……一致;(状语)按照
actual adj.
实际的,事实上的,真实的
original adj.
起初的,原来的;独创的,新颖的
genuine adj. 真的,非人造的;真诚的,真心的
real adj. 真的,真实的;实际的,现实的
注:genuine和real都强调是真的,不是假的,而actual强调的是实际的,事实上的
particular (about) adj.
过分讲究的,挑剔的;无比较等级
special adj.
特殊的,专门的(一般作定语修饰事物,不做表语修饰人)
especial adj.
特别的,特殊的
in especial 尤其,格外
注:especial与special同义,表示事情不寻常,口语中多用后者;particular也作“个别”解,常可与special通用,但含有“个别”的意味,强调特殊场合下的“特殊”情况;special常指一般场合下的“特殊”,较普通
比较:It’s
a special
case.那是一个特殊情况
In that particular case,the rule doesn’t
hold.这项规则不适用于那个具体情况。
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