Lesson 93 A noble gift  崇高的礼物

One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.  The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.

　　世界上最著名的纪念碑之一的自由女神雕像是在19世纪时由法国人民赠送给美国的。这座由雕像家奥古斯特.巴索尔地设计的巨大雕像是用10年时间雕像刻成的。这座雕像的主体是用铜制成的，由艾菲尔特制的金属框架支撑着。在雕像被运往美国之前，必须为它选好一块场地，同时必须建造一个基座。场地选在了纽约港入口处的一个鸟上。到1884年，一座高度达151英尺的雕像在巴黎建立起来了。第二年，它被拆成若干小块，运到美国。到1886年10月底，这座雕像被重新组装起来，由巴索尔地正式赠送给美国人民。从那时起，这座伟大的纪念碑对通过纽约港进入美国定居的千百万人来说就一直是自由的象征。

课堂笔记（一）

1.noble
(1)贵族的
It was said that he was from a noble family.
据说他出身于贵族家庭。
（2） 高尚的，壮丽的，崇高的
His friend is a man of noble mind.
他的朋友是个思想高尚的人。
a noble leader崇高的领袖
It's noble of you to accept a low salary to help the company.你为了帮助公司而接受低工资真是难能可贵。
adv.nobly高尚地，高贵地

2.One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to by the people of France. 世界上最著名的纪念碑之一的自由女神雕像是...由法国人民赠送给......的。
（1）one of 引导的短语（其后面名词要用复数）与 the Statue of同位语
She is one of the best students in our class.
(2)monument
1.纪念碑，纪念塔
2.历史遗迹,遗址
The ruins of the castle are an ancient monument, which the government pays money to preserve.
这一城堡废墟是古代的遗迹,政府出钱加以保存。
3.不朽的作品;丰功伟业
Shakespeare's plays remain as monuments to his genius.
莎士比亚的戏剧是他天才的不朽著作。
（2）the people 通常指某个国家的人民，指复数的“人们”时通常不用 the：
It was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi.
它由巴索尔地正式赠送给美国人民。
He never pays attention to what people say.
他从不在乎人们会说什么。
A lot of / Few people went to their wedding.
许多／没几个人参加（了）他们的婚礼。
(3)present v.
present sb with sth/present sth to sb
将某物赠送给某人，授予
My father present a pen to me yesterday.
我父亲昨天送了只钢笔给我。
（4）liberty
1.自由，自主
Women used to have little liberty.
过去妇女没有多少自由。
2.take liberties(with sb./sth)放肆，随便
She told him to stop taking liberties with his work.她告诉他工作不要太随便了。
3.take the liberty of doing sth.擅自或冒昧做某事
I took the liberty of borrowing your pen while you were away.
你不在的时候我擅自借用了你的钢笔
4.liberty to do sth 许可,准许做某事
You have liberty to use all the library facilities.
你可以使用图书馆中的所有设施.
You have/are at liberty to say what you like.
你尽可以畅所欲言.

3.花费的几个词语表达

 spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构： 
(1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。 
例：I spent two hours on this maths problem.  
这道数学题花了我两个小时。 
(2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。 
例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge.  
造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 
(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。 
例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 

 cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示"值"， 常见用法如下： 
(1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。 
例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。 
例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 
  注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 

    take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：通常用某事、某物做主语，或用形式主语it.
  (1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。 
例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。 
(2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。 
例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 

  pay的基本用法是： 
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。 
例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 
(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。 
例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 
(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。 
例：Don‘t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。 
(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。  
例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 
(5)pay money back 还钱。 
例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。 
(6)pay off one's money还清钱。

4.The actual figure was made of copper 这座雕像的主体是用铜制成的......
made of 指用某种材料制成，并且原材料的性质或形状没变，从成品
可以看出其原材料。
This chair is made of wood.
这椅子是木制的。
（3）made from 表示用数种材料制成，或者是制造后改变了材料原来的性质或形状：
Paper can be made from wood.
用木材可以造纸。

5.figure
(1.数字
Write the figure 7 for me.给我写个7字
(2.身材,体形,体态
She has an attractive figure.
她有迷人的曲线。
I am dieting to keep my figure.
我正在节食以保持身材
(3.人影
I saw a figure in the darkness.
我看到暗处有一个人影。
(4.图表;图解
Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.
我们的教科书有许多图表帮助解释课文。
(5.v.估计+that,料到
How do you figure that?
你如何料到的?
I figured (that) you wouldn't come.
我料想你不会来.
(6. figure out 了解，弄明白
I can't figure out why he quit his job.
计算
Please help me to figure out my income tax.
7)That doesn't figure!(美,口语)
那没道理!
请帮我算一下我的所得税。

6.support
（1）支撑，支持（某个具体东西）
she supported herself against a desk and rested for a short time.
她靠着一张书桌休息了一小会儿。
（2）拥护，赞成，支持（人、想法等）：
He made the right decision. Unfortunately, nobody supported him.
他的决定是正确的。不幸的是，没有人支持他。
（3）抚养，供养，赡养
My son can support himself now.
我儿子现在能养活自己了。

7.transport
(1.运送,运输,搬运
The goods will be transported to Pekin by air.
货物将空运到北京。
(2.放逐,流放
British prisoners used to be transported to Australia
从前英国的囚犯常被流放到澳大利亚。
n.做定语
运费 transport charges
public transport交通工具(不可数名词)

8.site（scene）
(1.地点,场所
This is the best site for building a church.
这是建造教堂的最佳位置。
(2.遗址
There are a lot of historical sites in Beijing.
北京有许多历史遗迹。
a building site工地
(3.（事情发生或活动的）地点，现场
Rescue workers rushed to the site of the plane crash
救护人员急速赶到飞机坠毁的现场
These things were found at the scene of the murder.
这些是在谋杀现场找到的物品

9. the site chosen=the site which was chosen
这里用过去分词做后置定语,与定语从句的作用相同.
Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night?
昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?

10.erect树立,建立
A monument was erected in Paris.