Lesson 31
              Success story
              成功者的故事
【New words and expression_rs】 生词和短语

★retire  v. 退休
He is getting old. He is going to retire.
retire=stop working=stop doing this
I'm going to retire next year.
我明年会退出影坛或歌坛
I'm so tired that I'm going to retire now.

★company  n. 公司
firm 商行
corporation 责任公司
limited corporation  有限责任公司 Ltd.Co
He works in my business.
他在我的公司工作

★bicycle  n. 自行车

★save  v. 积蓄
save 挽救
save one's life
He saved my life  他挽救我的生命
save one's face  挽会面子
save money 存钱
save up 存钱
I have saved up for many years.
save it for a raining day 未雨绸缪,为将来需要而做好准备

★workshop  n. 车间
workhouse 感化院

★helper  n. 帮手，助手
assistant 助理

★employ  v. 雇佣
employee　雇员
employer 雇主
trainer  教练
trainee  接受训练的人

★grandson  n. 孙子

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    What was Frank's first job?

    Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Before he retired, Frank was the

head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at

that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.

In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. In a few years the small

workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his

hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him

to repair their grandson's bicycle!

参考译文

    昨天下午弗兰克.霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。在退休前，弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理，但他小时候却在一家小铺里做工

。他那时的工作是修理自行车，并且通常是一天工作14个小时。他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子。20多岁的时候，弗兰克曾

生产飞机零配件。那时他有两个帮手。几年之后，小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有728人的大工厂。弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长

的成功之路，微笑了。他正笑着的时候门开了，他的妻子走了进来。她叫他去修理孙子的自行车。

【课文讲解】

He worked in a factory.他曾经在一个车间里工作
He used to work in a small workshop.
他过去在一个车间工作
used to do 过去常常，但是现在不做
My teacher used to live there. 我的老师过去住在那（现在不住了）
He lived there.  他过去住在那（不知道现在是否住在那）
She worked as a teacher.
work...as...作为...工作
He used to worked as a teacher.
I used to study in this school.
as a boy
as 在这儿是当...的时候
as he was a boy
as a young man 当他年轻的时候
in his twenties
in one's thirties/forties/fifties/nineties
in one's -ies 在某人几十岁的时候
in my fifties  在我五十多岁的时候
In his fifties,he learned the second language.
in the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代
I worked/began the job in the 1990s.
a head of 老板
at that time=just then=at that moment
of one's own
my own book
用one's own还是of one's own由被修饰词的位置决定，如果被修饰名词在前边，用of one's own,如果被修饰名词在后边，用one's own
has become 成长为
in a few years 在一些年之后
hard early years 早年的艰辛
long road to success 通往成功的长路
remember 记得，回忆起
memory  n.记忆
memorize  v.
There is a long way to go.
My wife came in when I was smiling  强调我妻子进来
I was smiling when my wife came in   强调我微笑
want sb. to do 想让某人做某事
main idea：his experiences as a young man.
success  成功，成功者

【Letter writing】

1.F  2.T  3.F

【Key structures】
过去进行时出现在１．一个故事的背景
　　　　　　　　２．和另外一件事同时发生

Exercises C:

was working /was sitting /looked (was looking) /were passing/
stopped /got / were(used to be)/used to come(came) /went(used to go)/ were(used to be) /quarrelled /saw /got(was getting)

/called
/hurried

be surprised to see

【Special difficulties】

a.experience  经历（可数名词）
　　　　　　　经验（不可数名词）
　experienced  有经验的

b.save
  save one's life
  save one's face
  save money
  save it for a rainy day

c. work and job
  1. work 可以做动词，job不可以做动词
  2. job 是不可数名词

Exercise
1. experienced
2.jobs
3.job
4.save
econmize  经济，节省
save  存钱

【Composition】

not only / repaired / but /as well /told /make /prefer
go for a ride / go for a walk
ride a car / bicycle /horse
go for a ride on sth.

【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension

No.1  D
(a),(b)选项是作为“he was a young man“中的一个部分

No.3  A
No.4  C
Vocabulary
No.8  A
leader      起带头作用的人
headmaster  校长
direction   方向
director    管理整个的事务的人
superior    监理 
No.12    C
enter = go in /come in
return = go back
go与come in方向不一样

 

 

Lesson 32
           Shopping made easy
             购物变得很方便

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    Who was the thief?

【New words and expression_rs】 生词和短语

★once  adv. 曾经，以前
long long ago
I visit my mother once a month.
once 连接从句：表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company,you must return the house.

★temptation  n. 诱惑
temptation to + 动词原形
temptation to do sth.
temptation to steal
resist the temptation to do
I can't resist the temptation to laugh.

★article  n. 物品，东西
This is a good article. 文章
article /thing
article 强调的是商店里的一个一个的东西，是可数名词
thing 指任何的东西
cargo
goods

★wrap  v. 包裹
Please wrap them (up) for me.
pack 
I will take/have/get it

★simply  adv. 仅仅
simply :only/just

★arrest  v. 逮捕
arrest the criminal
arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
The criminal was arrested.
sb.be under arrest.
cortrol/under cortrol

    People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before -- especially in large

shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday,

there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The

woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and

handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked

out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The

girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week!

参考译文

    人们不再像以前那样诚实了。偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈 -- 特别是在大的商店里。一名侦探最近注意上了一位穿着讲究的妇

女，她总是在星期一上午进入一家大商场。有一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少，因此，侦探比较容易监视她。这

位妇女先是买了几样小商品。过了一会儿，她又选了商场里最昂贵的一件衣服，把它递给了售货员。那售货员以最快的速度为她包好了衣服。

然后，那妇女拿过包就走出了商场，根本没有付钱。她被逮捕后。侦探发现原来那售货员是她的女儿。那姑娘每星期“送”她母亲一件免费的

衣服！

【课文讲解】

make：1.制造
      2.使。。。怎么样
make the room clean
make shopping easy
Shopping be made easy. （句子）
not so ...as...  表示比较
as...as...   和...一样
as + adj./adv.+ as + 比较对象
as quickly as possible
He is as tall as I.
This case is as light as that one.
It is as heavy as that one.
as...as...的否定形式是not so...as.../not as...as...
It is not as heavy as that one. 这个东西不如那个东西重
I am not as tall as you
I am taller that you./ You are not as tall as I.
less + 原级＝not as...as... /not so...as...
not so + 原级 +as...
I am not so lucky as those fishermen.
less + 原级 + than
I am less lucky than those fishermen.
there are 与 they were 在用不同的时态进行比较
You are beautiful./You were beautiful.
You are more beautiful than you were.
You look better.
You look better than you were.
It was my car.
Is this your car?
I think  想
I thought  原以为
You were worse.
You are better.
not as...as... 不如

要表现现在与过去比较，有两种方式：
1. 用时态表示  it is /it was; they are/ they were
2. 用短语  than ever before
People are not so honest as before.
under arrest
impulsion 冲动
adventure 冒险活动
watch  观察，监视，当心
watch the enemy
watch sth.  当心
well-done
well+ 动词的过去分词
design
well－designed
well-educated
as usual  象平常
than usual 比平常。。。
be动词＋形容词＋for sb.to do sth.
it 是形式主语
for sb. 中的sb.是逻辑主语
The teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more beautiful.
out of politeness
after a little time  过了一会儿
hand...to...  把。。递给  pass in  一个一个的传递
hand in 上交
wrap sth.up for sb.
as quickly as possible
she+chose+最高级+and(并列结构）+handed it to + 宾语 + 定语从句
find out
find/find out
find sth.  sth. 是看得见，摸得着的
I find the pen.
find out 后的宾语一般是抽象的
find out the truth
free  免费的
fee 交费
fee parking

【Special difficulties】

A 强调的是后边的名词；One强调的是“一个”的意义
One / a/ an/ one/ a / a/ a/ one

【Composition】

arrived at  come to
so   saw   and  stay   either...or

【Multiple choice】

7.   most expensive  +地点，用in
                     +范围，表示所有的书（人）当中，用of
                      I have ever seen/done/heard
9.  article
4.  b
many    not as（so)...as
12.
free         worthless:不值钱的
something cost money
10。D
wrapped:包裹     envelope:信封
8. watch:look at

 

Lesson 33
           Out of the darkness
                冲出黑暗
【New words and expression_rs】 生词和短语

★darkness  n.
in the darkness:在没有光线的情况下

★explain  v.
explanation  n.
Could you give me an explanation?
interpret：强调翻译，语言之间的解释
interpretor

★coast  n.
bank：河岸（两边比水面高）
seashore：海岸（为了游玩的）
seaside：海岸
coast：地理意义上的海岸线
       感觉旁边是岩石，很陡峭
seashore,seaside 旁边是沙滩，可以进行日光浴的感觉

★storm  n.
snowstorm：暴风雪
thunderstorm：雷雨
rain heavily
pour：倾倒
The rain is pouring.
It's raining cats and dogs.

★towards  prep.
强调nearer and nearer

★rock  n.
rock:huge stone

★shore  n.

★light  n.

★ahead  adv.
asleep  awake  alight
a开头的往往是表语形容词
不管做表语形容词还是副词都放在名词的后面
一般的形容词都放在名词的前面
pretty flowers
light ahead
ahead表达方式：1.放在被修饰词后面做定语，定语后置
               2.ahead of
                He went ahead of me.
               3.go ahead 朝前走，请随便
                 Would you mind my using your phone?
               －Can I use your telephone?
               …OK,go ahead.
               －sorry+给出一个原因（可能是事实也可能是一个借口）

★cliff  n.

★struggle  v.

★hospital  n.
school
 1.前面不＋the，和它的功能有关系
go to hospital
一旦＋the，就只表示地点
I am in the hospital.
in hospital：住医院
in the hospital：在医院
2.去医院看望老师：
go to the hospital
自己肚子痛 go to hospital

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    Why was the girl in hospital?

    Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the

coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.

Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight

miles. Early next morning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the

cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she

remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.

参考译文

    几乎过了一个星期，那姑娘才能讲述自己的遭遇。一天下午，她乘小船从海岸出发，遇上了风暴。天将黑时，小船撞在了一块礁石上，姑

娘跳进了海里。她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸边。在那段时间里，她游了8英里。第二天凌晨，她看到前方有灯光，知道自己已经接近岸边了

，因为那灯光是在高高的峭壁上。到达岸边后，姑娘朝着她看到的灯光方向挣扎着往峭壁上爬去。她所记得的就是这些。第二天她醒来时，发

现自己躺在医院里。

【课文讲解】

in the darkness
happen：不及物   sth.happen to sb.
What happened to...
nearly:将近     nearly a week: 快到一个星期了
Sometime later...
Three days later,my mother returned. 强调某人做某事
。。。passed and then...
Three days passed and then my mother returned.
比列句        即强调某人在某事，又强调时间有多久
Three days passed before my mother came back. 强调这么久的时间
be able to 强调有能力还强调成功
can 强调有能力
I can swim across the river.
I was able to swim across the river.
set out：set off
be caught in + 灾难
I was caught in a rain.
As soon as he left,it began to rain.
He was caught in a rain when he left.
earthquake
遇上人－meet   遇上灾难－be caught in
struck往往强调的是猛烈的撞击    struck hard
to: 强调朝那个方向（目标）去，但没有强调越来越近
towards: 表面也翻译为朝那个方向（目标）去，距离越来越近
spend sometime＋地点
The Red army covered a distance of 2,5000...
high up
on doing=as soon as=the moment
as soon as,the moment：后面都要加从句
on：后面一定要加动词ing－－承认动词是由主句主语做的
up:往上
That's all.
That was all I wanted to say.
I can do nothing else for you. That was all I can do for you.
find+宾语＋宾补    find the books tidy
I found the books in order.
When I woke up,I found myself in bed.

time passed before
。。。a day later...
time passed and then
was caught in a storm
cover the distance of
介词后面＋ing    after doing   on doing
ahead   hospital

【Key structures】

和时间相连的介词 in,at,on,from...to...,until,after,before
和地点相连的介词   from...to...
into: 进、入   Tell him to go into my house
只强调到那去，不一定强调到里面去；go to
out of:从。。。出来     away from
leave for ：动身去某地
Yesterday my father left for Tianjin.
head for/to  前往
leave for 强调leave    head for强调去
set out for
towards: 强调越来越近
at:含有一种瞄准的概念   aim at    fire at
threw to the bank     threw at

【Special difficulties】

pass,past
词和词的区别：
1.意思上的区别    2.词性的区别     3.细节上的区别
pass: 只有动词的概念，余下的词性都用past

Exercise

2.passed  
have done

4.past 
march:行军  long march
I pass the garden.
I go past the garden.
I go and pass the garden.

next,other
next day        the other day: few days ago  几天前
the other day 一旦出现一定是过去时
next day :有可能是过去时有可能是将来时
1.the other day
3.next

【Multiple choice questions】

5.How far away ...?
What's the distance ...?

6.not any more/longer/further
  (b)

12. remind：提醒
    memorise：记住
    recollect：回忆  √
    mind：介意

 4. 只有谓语动词才有时态
 句子中如果没有连词，但有两个动词，要把其中一个动词变成非谓语动词
 when是连词的标志
when+doing：1.主语要跟主句的相同；2.谓语动词含有be doing结构
(a)