娜些花兒の貰琾

Lesson 25
      Do the English speak English?
           英国人讲的是英语吗？
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★railway  n. 铁路
railroad：铁路
railway/railroad station：火车站

★porter  n. 搬运工

★several  quantifier 几个
some:一些，即可以修饰可数，又可以修饰不可数
several:只能修饰可数＝a number of(一些）
a great number of：大量的
some time:一段时间　some time age
sometime: 某时
I will defeat you sometime.
sometimes:有时，偶尔
some times：不存在这种说法
several times：许多次

★foreigner  n. 外国人

★wonder  v. 感到奇怪
wonder n.　奇观
wonderful 极好的
It's a wonder.
seven wonders
wonder at sth. 对...事情感奇怪
I wonder at this.
wonder:want to know:想要知道
I wonder
间接引语的疑问句：一般疑问句用if引导，特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词引导
wonder+if：是否
wonder+特殊疑问词
I wonder if you have any spare time.
I wonder what time it is
所有的从句都用陈述句的句序，陈述句句序：主语在动词前面
I wonder why you are late.
I wonder where you are going.
I wondered where you were going.
Could you tell me how to get to?
I wondered how to get there.
no wonder：难怪
wonder n.：奇观
wonderful：极好的
wonder v.感到奇怪，wonder at
wonder：want to know：想知道
I wonder if you have friend.
I wonder how many friend you have.

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    Why does the writer not understand the porter?

    I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked

a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I

repeated my question several times and at last he understood. he answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am

a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The

porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he

said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I don't

understand them! Do they speak English?

参考译文

    我终于到了伦敦。火车站很大，又黑又暗。我不知道去饭店的路该怎么走，于是向一个搬运工打听。我的英语讲得不但非常认真，而且咬

字也非常清楚。然而搬运工却不明白我的话。我把问话重复了很多遍。他终于听懂了。他回答了，但他讲得既不慢也不清楚。“我是个外国人

，”我说。于是他说得慢了，可我还是听不懂。我的老师从来不那样讲英语！我和搬运工相视一笑。接着，他说了点什么，这回我听懂了。“

您会很快学会英语的！”他说。我感到奇怪。在英国，人们各自说着一种不同的语言。英国人之间相互听得懂，可我却不懂他们的话！他们说

的是英语吗？

【课文讲解】

arrive in：到达，reach,get
When will you arrive?
arrive vi.
reach vt.后面一定要加宾语
arrive at：小地点，arrive in；大地点
When will you reach(arrive in) BeiJing?
get to+宾语：到达
When will you get to BeiJing?
How can I get there?
get home:到家，get there：到那
home/there都是副词，副词跟动词连用的时候不需要加介词
I arrived at last.
并列的表达方式中前面都是用逗号隔开，最后两个用and连接
balck：颜色（建筑物）．The room is black.
dark：without light. It is dark.
the way to:通往...路
Can you tell me the way to...
I don't know the way to...Can you tell me how to get there?
I don't know the way to the school and where is it?
I know the way.
know sth. well:很熟悉
I know the boy well.
so
连词，把并列句连到一起
如果有两个谓语动词，加连词，成为并列
not only...but...as well：不但...而且...
并列连词，什么东西并列连接什么
I can speak Chinese. I can speak English.
I can speak not only Chinese but English as well.
I not only sing but dance as well.
Not only you but also I will go there.
not only,喜欢放在动词的前面
I can speak not only Chinese but English as well.
一般遇到实义动词和非实义动词的时候，习惯放在两者之间
I can not only speak Chinese but English as well.
I not only like my mother but my father as well.
however,可以直接放在句首，也可以放在句子中间
several times
neither...nor... 即不...也不...
I speak neither Janpanese nor English.
like that
each other：互相
soon,强调时间上的快
I wonder：感到奇怪
each(every) person
speak English not only very carefully but very clearly.
To learn English well is to study hard.

提高口语和听力的方式：
1. 在读书的时候不能very clearly,注意读音规则
2. carefully随遇而安，以understand为准，学会重复
3. 多听多说

【Structure】句型

5. ... b
not和neither不会连用
一句话中不允许出现两个否定句
too是跟肯定句连的、either是跟否定句连的

8. ...b
several = some = a number of
much后面不加可数名词
没有only a few这个短语
quite a few 相当多的

9. ...a
at last 最后、最终
in the end
lastly 最新的、最近的一段时间
at least至少

Exercises C   join these sentences with the words in brackets
I knocked at the door,but he did not open it.
go on holiday去度假
Both he and I went on holiday.
wise 明智的
He must be either mad or very wise.

【Composition】
Both my sister and I went shopping.
We not only got very tired, but very hungry as well.
It was three o'clock and we couldn't get lunch,so we had a cup of tea.

【测试精遍】
１．They _______ the trip until the rain stopped.
    A. continued         B. didn't continue　√
    C. hadn't continued  D. would continue
    until是前面和后面用一般过去是和过去完成时都对
　　但是我们在一般情况下两个都用一般过去时

２．The local peasants gave the solders clothes and food without which
    they _____ of hunger and cold.
    (without 在这里表示条件，你知道吗？）
A. would die   B. will die   C. would be dead   D. would have died
这是关于虚拟语气的题

３．It was not until then that I came to know that the earth ____
    around the sun.
A. moved   B. has moved   C.  will move    D. moves.√
只要是真理都用一般现在时
It was that 是强调结构
分析句子时后半句该为
I didn't come to know that the earth around the sun until then.
until then 是在那个时候之前
His father did not leave until returned home.
变成：It was not until he returned home that his father left.
I don't get up until lunch time.
It is not until lunch time that I get up.

4. When all those present(到场者)____he begin his lecture.
   (重点题)
A. sit  B. set  C. seated  D. were seated √
   seat 做动词的时候两种情况
１．seat sb  2. somebody be seated
somebody sit down
sit vi.
seat vt.

５．If I had had time, I would have written to you. But in fact I___not.
A. have   B.would have   C. had   D. had had
这是虚拟语气题　　　　　　　√

not only...but...as well 不但...而且...
并列句的连词
neither...nor... 既不...也不...
either ...or...  或者...或者...
both...and...    两者都

Ⅱ　复数主语：
１．当主语由and或both...and连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。
Both the girl and the boy are his friends.
Both you and I are good students.

Ⅲ　单，复数的灵活运用：
１．当主语由 neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also 或or 连接时
，谓语动词与nor,or,but also后面的词一致，在英语语法中，这被称之为
＂就近原则＂
　　　　　　离动词最近的名词是单数，整个主语就视为单数
　　　　　　离动词最近的名词是复数，整个主语就视为复数
Neither you nor I am a good student.
Neither he nor I am going to the airport.
Not only Mary but also her parents have jgone abroad.

【Key structures】

He finished lunch and went into the garden.
and 连接的是两个谓语动词
however 用在句号的后面，单独成句，于前边的句子只有意思上的承接，
没有语法上的承接，语法上的承接表转折只能用 but
Both he and I teach English.
He teaches both English and French.
Either you or I must tell him.
Neither he nor I speak English.
Not only wash the dishes but sweep the floor as well.

【Letter Writing】

St.是 Steet的缩略
逗号在地址里表示前者属于后者
grade one一年级 class one一班
I am in class1,Grade1.
在日期里，月和日之间不需要逗号，但在年代之前要有逗号
日期是以序数词出现的
月份一定要是英语字母
February the fourth
the fourth of February

Haidian District,
BeiJing,
China.

【Summary Writing】摘要写作

1. You can write the answer in three whole sentences.
第二单元重点就是把句子用连词连成并列的部分

I arrived at the railway station in London,and I asked the porter the
way to my hotel, but He didn't understand me.

 

 

Lesson 26
          The best art critics
             最佳艺术评论家
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★art  n. 艺术
art student 艺术系的学生
English student 学英语的学生
student of England
英国学生
artist　艺术家
artiste 艺人
art gallery 艺术画廊
black art 巫术

★critic  n. 评论家
criticise v. 批评，批判
criticism n. 批评，批判
critical  adj. 挑剔的
critically adv. 爱挑剔的
He criticised my painting.
You are critical.

★paint  v. 画
draw a picture 用线条画
paint a picture　强调油画
painting
oil painting
Chinese painting 中国国画
Beijing opera 国戏，京剧

★pretend  v. 假装
pretend to do something
When his mother came in,the baby pretended to go to sleep.
pretend that...

★pattern  n. 图案
pattern drills
pattern 模式，典范

★curtain  n. 窗帘，幕布

★material  n. 材料
listening material 听力材料

★appreciate  v. 鉴赏
enjoy 欣赏
enjoy the music
　　I like poems.
　　I love...
　　I enjoy...得到乐趣
　　I appreciate...　程度一个比一个深
　　appreciate something
    appreciate doing sth
    I appreciate your help.
    我很感激你的帮助

★notice  v. 注意到
pay attention to 思想上的注意
I notice the boy. 细节上的注意
I notice the beauty spot.

★whether  conj. 是否
If 在表示是否的时候可以被whether所取代
If在表示如果的时候不可以用whether取代
If it will rain...
Whether it will rain...
Whether it will rain or not...
I wondered if it will rain.
Whether he is mad or not.

★hang  v. 悬挂，吊
hang  hanged  hanged  绞死
hang  hung    hung 　 悬挂
The thief was hanged.
The coat was hung.

★critically  adv. 批评地

★upside down 上下颠倒地　　两个同样的发音连在一起时，前边的音省去不读

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    Who is the student's best critic?

    I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always tell

you what a picture is 'about'. Of course, many pictures are not 'about' anything. They are just pretty patterns. We like them

in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better

than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. She

came into my room yesterday.
    'What are you doing?' she asked.
    'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a new one. Do you like it?'
    She looked at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down?'
    I looked at it again. She was right! It was!

参考译文

    我是个学艺术的学生，画了很多画。有很多人装成很懂现代艺术的样子，总是告诉你一幅画的“意思”是什么。当然，有很多画是什么“

意思”也没有的。它们就是些好看的图案，我们喜爱它们就像我们喜欢漂亮的窗帘布一样。我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画

，他们观察到的东西更多。我的妹妹只有7岁，但她总能说出我的画是好还是坏。昨天她到我房里来了。

【课文讲解】

They always tell you what a picture is about.
tell you 后是what 引导的宾语从句
just 仅仅，表强调
We like them...
them 指 pictures
pretty curtain material 漂亮的窗帘布
In the same way that
In a way　以某种方式
The son walked in the same way that his father walked.
I love you in the same way that I love my father.
I love you just in the same way that I love money.
make an appointment
When will it be conveniet for you?
I like something.
I like something very much.
I like something better.
I like something best.
I like water best.
I like water better.
I like water very much.
else跟在anyone,anything 的后面
who else,what else
They can appreciate modern arts best.
better than anyone else 表示最高级的含义
The teacher is the tallest.
The teacher is taller than anyone else.
The book is more expensive than anything else.
They notice more.
Whether ...or not= if
picture on the wall
isn't it upside down? 是否定疑问句
It isn't a fine day.
It is bad weather.
Is it bad weather?
Isn't it bad weather?
Aren't you lucky? 你真幸运
否定疑问句起肯定作用...
Isn't it a boy?

【Composition】

I looked at the picture. 不用watch是因为它是移动的
call是称之为；　name是给它取一个名字

【Letter writing】
信头上是没有名字的
门牌号码应该放在最前边

【Key structures】

appear的反义词disappear
resemble相似，类似
和人的情绪相连，跟人的状态相连，跟人的思维活动相连的动词都不用进行时态。

【Speech marks】
引导在英文当中第一次出现是单引号，第二次出现是双引号，英文当中的书名号用
引号来替代

【Summary writing】

5.
Young children appreciate modern paintings better than others.
They notice more.
not only ...but ...as well.
as well 放在句子结尾，且可以省略
Young children是共同的部分
Young children not only appreciate modern paintings better than others,
but notice more.
not only...but...
连接的是两组谓语动词

7.
or 否则，或者
upside down 与right way to 意思相反

【Multiple choice questions】

12.  C
4.  
考特殊疑问句的间接引语是什么
陈述句的间接引语以that引导
What time is it?
How old are you?
变成以　He asked me . 形式
He asked me what time it was.
He asked me how old I was.
疑问句的直接引语变间接引语要注意
⑴　特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导
⑵　时态。
　　主句的谓语动词是过去时时，其从句的谓语动词应为相对应的时态。
⑶　疑问句变成间接引语时，要变成陈述句语序。
　陈述句语序：主语在动词前边。
⑷　人称的变化
Is it nine o'clock? /He asked me.
if/whether 是否
He asked me if/whether it was nine o'clock.

.4.
tell me 要求间接引语
Tell me what it is about.
注意使用陈述句语序。
What about 中about 是介词，后接名词或动词的ing形式，不接句子
What about it?
Tell me后要求陈述句语序

.5.没有一个答案是对的
主句为一般现在时，从句可以为任意形式
or not是否，that表示肯定
直接引语变间接引语的连接词有３种：
⑴陈述句中的that;
⑵一般疑问句中的if／whether;
⑶特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词
if不可以与or not 连用

.6.Ｄ
A 缺名词
B 缺名词或位置错误
C 缺冠词
one 可以作代词，还可以作数词

.10.
根据句子意思，选Ｄ．

.9.　Ｂ
clothes 衣服
cloth　布

.11.
在此句中，notice=observe