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Lesson 28  Five pounds too dear  五镑也太贵

New words and expression 生词和短语
★Wares  n.货物, 商品
Ware  n.器皿, 陶器, 物品（总称, 常用于复合词）
-- silverware 银器 /  ironware 铁器 /  chinaware 陶器 /  glassware 玻璃器皿
-- software 软件 /  hardware 五金器具, (电脑的)硬件
-- a popular ware 热门货 /  small wares 小百货
goods  n.商品, 货物（商店里出售的物品）
-- half-done goods 半成品 /  home made goods = native goods 国货
-- leather goods 皮件 /  frozen goods 冻结货物 /  consumer goods 日用消费品
commodity  n.商品, 物品（总称, 正式的经济学术语）
-- commodity price 商品价格,  commodity economy 商品经济
-- commodity market 商品市场,  agricultural commodity 农产品
---commodity exchange  商品交易

★Anchor  v.停航下锚
Deck  n.甲板
Silverware  n.银器

★Tempt  v.吸引, 引诱
Tempt sb to do sth  吸引某人做某事
Temptation  n.勾引, 诱惑, 引诱
the temptation to do sth.
-- The temptation to steal is greater than ever before - especially in large shops.
偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候更强烈了,在大商店里尤其如此。
Tempting  adj.诱惑人的, 吸引人的 = （attractive  adj.吸引人的, 有魅力的）

★Bargain  v.讨价还价
Bargain  n.交易, 合同交易, 协议
-- a good bargain 赚钱的生意 /  make a bargain 成交, 达成协议
-- drive a hard bargain with sb  极力和某人讨价还价
-- bargain with sb for sth.  和某人就某事讨价还价
-- bargain away  议价出售

★Disembark  v.下船上岸（= debark）
Embark  v.上船, 上飞机
-- He disembarked. 他下船上了岸。
-- He decided to embark.  他决定上船。

★Assail  v.纠缠
-- He was assailed with worries.
Afflict  vt.使痛苦, 折磨
-- Tramps can keep free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.

★Marble  n.小玻璃球
Inscribe  v.刻写, 雕

★Favour  n.好处, 优惠
in favor of  赞成, 支持
--Are you in favour of my idea?
-- I am in favor of stopping work now.  我赞成现在停止工作。
in sb.'s favor  得某人欢心, 对某人有利
-- The situation, both at home and aboard, is in our favor.
out of favor  失宠, 不利
by favor of sb 请面交给某人(信封上用语)
do sb a favor  给某人恩惠
--Can you do me a favour to dance with me?能赏光跳支舞吗？
favorite  adj.心爱的, 受宠的
favorite   n.受宠的人或物
favorable  adj.赞成的, 赞许的, 讨人喜欢的

★Gesticulate  v.（讲话时）打手势

★Outrageous  adj.出人预料的, 令人不悦的
-- He played an outrageous joke.
Outrage  n.暴行, 侮辱, 愤怒 vt.凌辱, 强奸, 虐待, 伤害, 迫害
Rage  n.愤怒, 情绪激动, 狂暴, 精神错乱
--He is in his rage.
-- My father was in a rage last night.  我父亲昨天晚上十分生气。
fly into a rage 勃然大怒

★Thrust  v.硬塞给
Thrust sth into…  塞进…
-- He thrust the pen into my hand.
Thrust aside  推开
-- He thrust the girl aside.
Thrust oneself forward向前挤
-- He thrust himself forward in the crowd.
thrust oneself in  强行闯入, 干涉, 探听（= thrust one's nose into）
--Do you thrust your nose into private   something?
-- Don’t thrust yourself in private sth.
thrust sth. on/upon sb.  强卖给某人
-- Don’t thrust your idea on me. = Don’t exert your idea on me.
thrust out  推出, 逐出, 解雇---dismiss

★other words:
★speed vt.vi.（speeded, speeded, speeding）或（sped, sped, speeding）
★liner  n.班机, 定期轮船
★rug  n.(小)地毯, 垫子
★Persia  n.波斯（西南亚国家，现在的伊朗）
★Iran  n.伊朗
★Iranian  adj.伊朗的 n.伊朗人（= Irani）
★Silk  n.蚕丝, 丝, 丝绸, 绸缎
★copper  n.铜, 警察
★tradesman  n.零售商, 工匠, 手艺人
★conceal  vt.隐藏, 隐蔽, 隐瞒
★diamond  n.钻石, 菱形
★intention  n.计划, 目的
★firmly  adv.强有力的
★approach  vt.vi.走近, 靠近
★close  adj.近的, 近亲的, 紧密的, 严格的
★neat  adj.整齐的, 整洁的
★indicate  vt.指出, 显示, 象征, 预示
★hold up  v.举起, 支撑, 继续下去
★wildly  adv.狂暴的, 激动的, 愤怒的 adv.野的, 野生的, 野性的
★offer  n.出价, 提议
★eventual  adj.最后的, 结果的
-- eventual success [failure] 最后的成功[失败]
★eventually  adv.最后, 终于, 结果
★shrug  vt.vi.（表示怀疑或不感兴趣）耸肩
★shoulder  n.肩, 肩部, 侧翼
★readily  adv.乐意地, 欣然, 容易地
★throw up  猛地举起
★especially  adv.特别, 尤其

Text 课文
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
Why was even five pounds ‘too dear’?

Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as she was entering the harbour. Before she had anchored, the men from the boats had climbed on board and the decks were soon covered with colourful rugs from Persia, silks from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmade silverware. It was difficult not to be tempted. Many of the tourists on board had begun bargaining with the tradesmen, but I decided not to buy anything until I had disembarked.
I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring. I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds. Some of them were as big as marbles. The man went to great lengths to prove that the diamonds were real. As we were walking past a shop, he held a diamond firmly against the window and made a deep impression in the glass. It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.
The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches. I examined one of the pens closely. It certainly looked genuine. At the base of the gold cap, the words 'made in the U.S.A.' had been neatly inscribed. The man said that the pen was worth ￡50, but as a special favour, he would let me have it for ￡30. I shook my head and held up five fingers indicating that I was willing to pay ￡5. Gesticulating wildly, the man acted as if he found my offer outrageous, but he eventually reduced the price to ￡10. Shrug-
ging my shoulders, I began to walk away when, a moment later, he ran after me and thrust the pen into my hands. Though he kept throwing up his arms in despair, he readily accepted the ￡5 I gave him. I felt espe-
cially pleased with my wonderful bargain----until I got back to the ship. No matter how hard I tried, it was impossible to fill this beautiful pen with ink and to this day it has never written a single word!

参考译文
当一艘大型班船进港的时候，许多小船载着各种杂货快速向客轮驶来。大船还未下锚。小船上的人就纷纷爬上客轮。一会儿工夫，甲板上就摆满了色彩斑斓的波斯地毯。印度丝绸。铜咖啡壶以及手工制作的漂亮的银器。要想不为这些东西所动心是很困难的。船上许多游客开始同商贩讨价还价起来，但我打定主意上岸之前什么也不买。
我刚下船，就被一个人截住，他向我兜售一枚钻石戒指。我根本不想买，但我不能掩饰这样一个事实：其钻石之大给我留下了深刻的印象。有的钻石像玻璃球那么大。那人竭力想证明那钻石是真货。我们路过一家商店时，他将一颗钻石使劲地往橱窗上一按，在玻璃上留下一道深痕。我花了半个多小时才摆脱了他的纠缠。
向我兜售的第二个人是卖名贵钢笔和手表的。我仔细察看了一枝钢笔，那看上去确实不假，金笔帽下方整齐地刻有“美国制造”字样。那人说那支笔值50英镑，作为特别优惠，他愿意让我出30英镑成交。我摇摇头，伸出5根手指表示我只愿出5镑钱。那人激动地打着手势，仿佛我的出价使他不能容忍。但他终于把价钱降到了10英镑。我耸耸肩膀掉头走开了。一会儿，他突然从后追了上来，把笔塞到我手里。虽然他绝望地举起双手，但他毫不迟疑地收下了我付给他的5镑钱。在回到船上之前，我一直为我的绝妙的讨价还价而洋洋得意。然而不管我如何摆弄，那枝漂亮的钢笔就是吸不进墨水来。直到今天，那枝笔连一个字也没写过！

Dear（adj.昂贵的）= Costly（adj.昂贵的, 贵重的）= Expensive（adj.费钱的, 昂贵的）

Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as she was entering the harbour.
Small boats sped to the great liner（主干）
Loaded with 装载, 运载 = filled with
-- The boat was loaded with wooden goods.
Loaded with wares为过去分词做定语修饰boats（= that was loaded with wares）
Speed  v.迅速驶向
-- Speed down hill 向山下疾驶 /  Speed up hill 向山上疾驶
Speed by迅速驶过
-- Our holiday speed by.  我们的假期迅速过去。

Before she had anchored, the men from the boats had climbed on board and the decks were soon covered with colourful rugs from Persia, silks from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmade silverware.
The men (coming) from the boat  小船上的人们
-- a plane (coming) from New York
on board 在船上, 在公共交通工具内
be covered with  盖着, 覆着
handmade  adj.手工的, 手制的

It was difficult not to be tempted.（双重否定）
-- It was difficult/impossible not to be tempted by the beautiful shoes.

Many of the tourists on board had begun bargaining with the tradesmen, but I decided not to buy anything until I had disembarked.
Tradesman  n.零售商, 工匠
bargain with sb  和某人讨价还价
on board 介词短语修饰tourists
not…until…
-- 我决定回家之前什么都不做 I decided to do nothing/not to do anything until I had got home.
-- They didn’t reach the school until they had already passed by two village.

I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring.
had no sooner…than… （no sooner位于句首要倒装）
I had no sooner got off the ship than = no sooner had I got off the ship than
一…就…的表达方式：
-- as soon as  /  the moment that  /  on doing 
-- had no sooner…than…  /  had hardly…when…

I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds.
I have no intention of doing  不打算做某事 I didn't want to do.....
-- I have no intention of changing my mind.
-- He said has no intention of looking for another job.
The fact that（that引导的是同位语, 不能换成which）
I could not conceal the fact that…  我不能隐藏…事实
-- He could not conceal the fact that he was taken in.（take in 欺骗）
impress  vt.留下印象
be impressed by/at/with…  被…深深打动/感动
-- I was most impressed by his behavior.
What impressed me most was…  给我印象最深的是…
-- What impressed me most was the beauty here.
Impression  n.印象
give/create a bad impression on sb. 给某人留下不良的印象
-- If you don’t work hard, it will  creat a bad impression on the boss.
Make/create quite an impression on sb. 给某人留下极深的印象
-- Your speech makes quite an impression on me.
Impression  n.印, 印痕
-- The dog left the impression of his paws in the wet cement.（n.水泥）
-- He made a deep impression in the glass.
Some of them were as big as marbles.
As…as…  象…一样
-- As strong as horse  /  as white as snow  / as clear as crystal
The man went to great lengths to prove that the diamonds were real.
Length  n.长度, 长
go to great(considerable, any) lengths to do…  竭尽全力做…
-- He go to great lengths to pass the examination.
Real  adj.真实的（以实际或真实状态存在或发生的）
-- real objects 真的物件 /  a real illness 真的疾病
-- real people 真实的人 /  a real problem一个真实的问题
-- a film based on real life 一部以真实生活为基础的影片
Real  adj.天然的, 非人工或假造的 （= Genuine）
-- This ring is real gold. = This ring is genuine gold. 这枚戒指是真金的。
Genuine（adj.正品的非伪造的, 非假冒的）
反义词：Fake（adj.伪造的, 捏造的 n.捏造者, 冒牌货, 赝品）
-- Is this a genuine vase?  No, it is a fake.
True  adj.真实的（与事实或现实一致的、相符合的）不是想像出来的
-- Only parts of his story is true.
反义词：False  adj.虚伪的, 假的（与真理或事实相反的）
-- false tales of bravery. 不真实的英勇故事

As we were walking past a shop, he held a diamond firmly against the window and made a deep impression in the glass. It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.
Pass = by 走过
It take sb sometimes to do sth.  某事花费某人多少时间
-- It took me two months to read the book.
Get rid of 摆脱, 除去,其实际意义要看上下文决定
Cure  vt.治愈
-- to cure a patient 治愈病人
-- I hope the doctor can cure the pain in my shoulder. 我希望医生能治好我肩上的疼痛。 
Get rid of = cure
-- I have tried all sorts of medicine to get rid of this cold.
Get rid of = pay off 还清
-- He can never get rid of his debts.
Get rid of = wash off 洗刷掉 （stain n.污点, 瑕疵）
-- I thought I can never get rid of this stains.

The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches. I examined one of the pens closely. It certainly looked genuine.
The next man to approach me  第二个走近我的人

At the base of the gold cap, the words‘made in the U. S. A.’had been neatly inscribed.
At the base of…  在…的低部
The man said that the pen was worth ￡50, but as a special favour, he would let me have it for ￡30.
as a special favor  做为一种特殊的优惠
for  出…价钱
tradesman  n.零售商, 工匠
As a special favor, the tradesman would let me have the watch for ￡20.

I shook my head and held up five fingers indicating that I was willing to pay ￡5.
Indicating…  意思是说… （现在分词做状语）
I held up ten fingers indicating that I was willing to pay $10.

Gesticulating wildly, the man acted as if he found my offer outrageous, but he eventually reduced the price to ￡10.
Gesticulating现在分词做伴随状语
Act as if…  行为、举止好象…（as if = as though）
-- He acted as if he has never lived in England before.
Outrageous  adj.令人不能容忍的, 令人震惊的, 令人愤慨的
Eventually  adv.最后, 终于（= at last）

Shrugging my shoulders, I began to walk away when, a moment later, he ran after me and thrust the pen into my hands.
Shrugging现在分词做伴随状语

Though he kept throwing up his arms in despair, he readily accepted the ￡5  I gave him.
Keep doing sth. 不断地做某事
in despair 绝望的
readily（adv.乐意地, 欣然, 容易地） = willingly（adv.心甘情愿的, 欣然的, 自愿的）

I felt especially pleased with my wonderful bargain ---- until I got back to the ship.
Be pleased with = be satisfied with 对...感到满意

No matter how hard I tried, it was impossible to fill this beautiful pen with ink and to this day it has never written a single word!
No matter how = however（conj.不管用何种方法 adv.无论如何）
fill with 使充满
to this day = up to now = until now = till now = so far 到现在为止, 迄今

Multiple choice questions 多项选择
1>At what point did the tradensmen start trying to sell their merchandise?
a. Once it had ben brought to them by the small boats.
b. While they were laying it out on the decks.
c. As soon as theliner had anchored in the harbour.
d. Once the tourists had arrived on board.
---B    merchandise  n.商品, 货物（= goods）
-- lay out  摆开, 展示
2> What happened once the writer got on shore?
a. A man who had followed him off the ship tried to sell him a diamond.
b. He was made to look at some diamonds against his will.
c. A man started pestering him to buy a diamond.
d. On his way to a shop, he met a man who was selling diamonds.
---C    pester（vt.使烦恼, 纠缠）= assail（vt.攻击, 困扰）

3>What made the writer finally buy the pen?
a. He had been unable to make the man understand he did not want it.
b. The man eventually agreed to his original offer.
c. He decided it was the only way to get rid of the man.
d. He was afraid the man might otherwise become violent.
---B   
4>But I decided to disembark _____ anything. (ll.7-8)
a. before I would buy    b. until I was buying    c. until I had bought    d. before buying
---D   
5>I was assailed by a man who wanted _____ a diamond ring.(l.9)
a. that I bought    b. for me to buy    c. me to buy    d. my buying
---C   

 6>---- of buying one, but the man _____ that I was impressed … (l.10)
a. must have noticed    b. had to notice    c. must notice    d. could notice
---A   
7>The man said that although the pen was worth ￡50, as a special favour, _____ for ￡30. (ll.16-17)
a. he would let it to me        b. he could have let me have it
c. it would have been mine     d. he might give me
----D
8> It was difficult to _____ temptation. (ll.5-6)
a. avoid    b. fight    c. resist    d. stand
---C   
resist  vt.抵抗, 反抗
-- resist aggression 抵抗侵略 /  resist heat 耐热
-- resist temptation 抵制引诱
-- I was unable to resist laughing. 我忍不住笑了。

9>_____ I was approached by a man who was selling… (l.14)
a. The later    b. On the next time    c. Afterwards    d. After
---C   
afterwards  adv.然后, 后来地（可以单独使用）
-- soon afterwards, shortly afterwards
after  adv.在后, 后来（不能单独使用）
-- two days after
later  adv.后来, 过后
-- I will see you later. 等会儿再见。
-- But some time later it began to rain. 但过了些时候开始下雨了。
The later 后者

10>---- and held up five fingers indicating I _____ to pay five pounds. (l.17)
a. wished    b. was ready to    c. intended    d. expected
---B     intend to do 打算做某事

11>The man acted as if he found my offer _____ … (l.18)
a. irritating    b. preposterous    c. hilarious    d. unspeakable
----B
irritating  adj.使愤怒的, 使人不愉快的
outrageous  adj.无耻的, 可恶的, 令人不可容忍的（= preposterous）
preposterous  adj.荒谬的, 可笑的
-- That's a preposterous excuse!  那是一个荒谬的藉口!
-- What a preposterous idea!  多么荒谬的想法!
-- a preposterous old woman 一位可笑的老妇人
hilarious  adj.热闹的, 高兴的, 狂欢的
unspeakable  adj.无法形容的,不能以言语表达的,可怕的,坏透了的
= terrible  adj.很糟的, 极坏的

12> _____ hard I tried, it was impossible to fill the pen. (ll.21-22)
a. However    b. Whatever    c. Whichever    d. So ever
---A    No matter how = however