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【词汇】词根词缀串联速忆4(2008-07-21 20:25:43)
21.subsequent a. 随后的
sub 下 + sequ 跟随 + ent
the period subsequent to the war 战后时期

词根:sequ= follow,表示“跟随”

subsequent adj. 随后发生(sub 后+sequ跟随+ent-->随在后面的)
     * the subsequent years = the following years
sequence n. 次序(sequ+ence-->跟随-->连续)
          gene sequence 基因序列
 consequence n. 后果,结果(con 共同+sequ+ence-->随之而来
                         的全部东西-->后果)

 

 Research shows that there is no ________ relationship between how much a person earns and   whether he feels good about life.
A) successive       B) subsequent
C) significant       D) sincere

 

 

22.Composition
composition
1作文,(音乐、美术、艺术)作品
2组成,成分(强调到底有什么东西),如the chemical composition of the soil土地的化学组成

词根:pose , posit =put 摆放

   compose“作曲,作图,写作,合成,组成”
com=together一起
pose , posit =put 摆放

把乐谱,休止符放在一起那表示“作曲”的意思。作曲家就是composer
把图标、表格放在一起,那表示“作图”的意思。
把写作素材放在一起就是“写作”的意思。composition 作文
把化学元素放在一起就是“合成”的意思。
把其他任何东西放在一起就是“组成”:
          56 ethnic groups compose our nation. 
          Our class is composed of 300 students.我们班由300名同学组成。

再举个例子:
expose“暴露”
“ex” 表示向外,“pose”摆放,向外摆出来就是暴露。
  如Our skin is exposed to the sunshine.
   Expose yourself to English as much as you can . 让自己尽可能多接触 
   英文
exposition n 展览;(见expose) 
** 上海世博会: Shanghai World Expo 2010 
impose v 强加;征税(im 进+pose-->放进去-->强加)
   ** impose A on B :  America wishes to impose its will on other countries.
depose“罢免”
“pose”摆放,“de”表示down向下,把一个人从很高的地方给拉下来
  例:The king was deposed by his people.那位国王被人民罢免[废除]。
deposit v. 沉淀,存款 à n. 沉淀物,存款,押金,定金 [放下来不能用的钱]
 *定期存款time deposit
  活期存款:current deposit [current 可以表示流动的]
            demand deposit
Propose v. 提议,建议 [把建议向前pro放pose]
 propose a change in the law 提议修改法律
 求婚propose to sb
proposal n 建议,提议,求婚
opposite a 相对的(op 对+pos+ite-->放到对面)
   dis.pose  v.   布置,处理,安排 [dis 分散 + pose 放置 – 分别放置每样东西 – 安  
                       排,处理]
      disposal n. 安排,处置

 

It is clear that the dog has a much greater ________ of its brain devoted to smell than is the case with humans.
A) composition      B) compound
C) percent       D) proportion

 

 

23. Compound 化合物,混合物
词根:Pound, pon, = put, 表示“放置”"

compound n. 化合物,混合物
      (com 全部+pound 放-->全部放到一起-->化合物)
        n. 居民小区 [“全部放到一起的房子”]
propound v. 提议 = propose  **propound a theory;提出一个理论
postpone v 推迟(post 后+pone-->向后放-->推迟)
              put off / postpone the meeting until tomorrow

 

24.Discharge
 discharge  基本意思:释放
          手机电池刚买来需要:
           discharge a battery  放电 à charge the battery
           discharge a patient from the hospital  允许出院
           discharge a soldier./prisoner 
                                 让士兵退伍, 释放罪犯
           the factory was discharging smoke from the chimney .
                        Discharge waste water 排放废水
           The man was discharging blood from the wound.
前缀:dis - = away ,去除
     Discover v. 发现 [“去除盖子”]
     Disappear v. 消失了
     Disarm v. [去掉武装] à 解除武装
     Discourage v. [去掉勇气] à 使泄气
     Discard v. [把卡丢出去]  à 出牌,丢弃,抛弃
           = throw sth away, get rid of sth
       * discard an ace / king / queen 出了一张 A/K/Q牌
discard the waste paper
discard old beliefs 抛弃旧观念
discard old beliefs 抛弃旧观念

 

 

American college students are increasingly ________ with credit card debt and the consequences can be rather serious.
A) boosted       B) burdened
C) discharged       D) dominated

 

25.dominate v. 统治
1.  Roman Empire used to dominate the whole Europe .
关于Rome的谚语** Rome wasn’t built in a day .
                ** Do in Rome as the Romans do .
**Microsoft dominated the software industry.


词根: dom=house,表示“屋,家”
dominate v 支配,统治(dom+in+ate-->在自己家里,当然统治一切-->统治)
dome n 圆屋顶;大厦  the dome of a church 教堂的圆顶
domestic adj. 家里的;国内的(dom+estic 表形容词-->家里
的)
 ** domestic violence 家庭暴力
** 机场:International / Domestic 国际/国内到达
 ** 国内市场: domestic market

domesticate v 驯养(domestic 家里的+ate-->使成为家里的
-->驯养动物)
predominant adj 主要的,支配地位的(pre 在前面+dominant
支配的) = dominant

 

26.Performance 表现
*My boss praised me for my excellent performance in the task.

Perform =  do  perform 的意义不仅限于表演

Perform an operation 动手术
Perform a task 执行任务
Perform a play 演出一出戏剧

 

词根:  form=shape,表示“形状”

* 词根 ;form = shape 形状,形式
Formal  正式的 (纳入了某个形式 )
Formalism  形式主义
Formula  公式  formulate v. 公式化

    perform v 执行(任务);表演(per 完全,彻底+form 形状
       -->从头到尾把形状作出来-->表演,执行)
    performance n 表现;表演(perform +ance)
Reform v. (再次改变形状)  改革
Uniform adj. 一致的 n. 制服
Transform v. (改变形式)  转化
Conform v. 符合,遵从公认的规则  (使大家都一个形式)
    * She refused to conform to normal social conventions.
拒绝遵从一般的社会传统
    * The building dose not conform to safety regulations.
该建筑不符合安全条例
     deform v. 使残废;变形
       (de 去掉,毁坏+form-->使形状毁坏-->使残废)
        例如:中国古代妇女的三寸金莲
       Women’s feet were deformed due to old tradition in ancient      
       China .
    deformed adj 畸形的(deform+ed)

 

   Numerous studies already link the first meal of the day to better classroom ________.
A) performance      B) function
C) behavior       D) display

 

 

27.Measurable   可以衡量的

北海:able 后缀: 表示可以,能够
     Drinkable water :可以引用的
Unshakeable :  坚定不移的 unshakeable faith
     Changeable :  changeable person / weather
     Readable  可读的
     Untouchable 不可接触的
                * the chemical is untouchable
     Acceptable    the price is acceptable / unacceptable
     Affordable    可以负担的
       *An apartment in the downtown is unaffordable to most
        of white-collar workers now.
 
The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been ________ only to the very rich.
A) manageable      B) measurable
C) acceptable       D) affordable

 


28.Compel  驱使,迫使 = force 
 compel sb to do sth
* 造句:竞争迫使人们进步
Competition compels people to advance / progress.
* The pursuit of happiness compels people to strive for better life.
             
词根; pel = push
compel v. 强迫(com 共同+pel 推-->一起推-->强迫)
compelling a 激发兴趣的,十分吸引人的(compel+l+ing)
         [有一种强大的力量推着你]
          Her beauty is so compelling .
          A compelling movie / book
expel v 开除,驱逐(ex 出+pel-->推出-->开除)
   The illegal immigrants were expelled from the country .
   非法移民被驱逐
impel v 推进,驱动,激励(im 内+pel-->内在推动-->驱动)
         [往往指对内心的推动]
   His encouragement impelled me to speak out the truth.

 

propel v 推进(pro 向前+pel-->向前推-->推进)
* Steam propels the train
propeller n 推进器,轮船的螺旋桨(propel 推进+l+er)


dispel v 驱散(烟雾等)(dis 分开+pel-->推开-->驱散)
     *北海:Faith can dispel the doubts 信念可以驱散疑虑
repel v 击退(敌人),使…反感(re 反+pel-->推回去-->
击退)**  repel the mosquitoes 驱赶蚊子
          mosquito repel 驱蚊剂
      **  Her rudeness repels everyone.
                 她的粗鲁使每个人都很反感
    
 Repulsive = disgusting , gross
               His remarks are so repulsive.  令人反感,恶心的

   Being out of work, lane can no longer ________ friends to dinners and movies as she used to.
A) urge        B) treat
C) appeal        D) compel

 

29.  Inspire v. 激发,给予灵感
     词根:spire = breathe
* Inspiration :  呼吸进新鲜空气(产生)  灵感
* inspire v.   1. = inhale 呼吸进空气  / 2. 给与灵感
    * expire v.   1. = exhale 呼出气   2. 断气(只呼气不进气) 3. 到期,失效(断气了没用了)
                 Your ID card has expired . 你的身份证过期了
    * aspire v.  热切期望  ( a-加强 + spire  强烈的呼吸  看到期望的东西会心跳加快,呼吸加剧 ) 
              Aspire to sth / to do sth
              We aspire to an MBA degree. 
* conspire v. 同谋  (一起呼吸 一鼻孔出气) 
他们同谋刺杀市长
*They conspired to assassinate the mayor .


    * respire v. 呼吸 = inhale and exhale (re-反复 + spire 呼吸)
 * respiration

 

 

   ________ by the superstars on television, the young athletes trained hard and played intensely.
A) Imitated       B) Imposed
C) Insured       D) Inspired

 

  With its own parliament and currency and a common ________ for peace, the European Union   
   declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.
A) inspiration       B) assimilation
C) intuition       D) aspiration

 

 

 

30.originality 原创性     
本题后缀:
-ality –ity 表名词,“状态,性质” = being + adj
subjectivity主观性, 主观
generality 普遍性  
ambiguity 模棱两可性
personality n 人格,个性(person 人)
nationality n 国籍(nation 国家)
hospitality n 好客, (hospit 客人)
         equality n. 平等[的状态]
         familiarity n. 熟悉 
                      Familiarity breeds contempt.熟悉之后产生漠视轻蔑
Distance breeds beauty. 距离产生美。
          humanity n. 人性
          popularity n. 流行,普及
          ** Liuxiang enjoys high popularity in China.
           在中国刘翔的知名度很高。

 

  Because of the ________ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad.
A) originality       B) subjectivity
C) generality       D) ambiguity

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