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西北地区的土著舞蹈家(2007-12-23 23:14:40)
 西北地区的土著舞蹈家
——选自《疯狂英语VOA慢速英语》文化篇

Every Tuesday evening members of Tsimshian Haayyuk gather at Daybreak Star, a native American community and arts center in Seattle. Three years ago, when they began, they numbered half a dozen. Today, as many as fifty dancers, singers and drummers, spanning three generations, come to participate.
每个星期二晚上,琴仙好乐客的成员就在美国西雅图的一个土著社区和艺术中心——黎明之星聚会。三年前他们刚开始的时候只有六人,可现在参加活动的已经有多达五十个舞者、歌手和鼓手了,年龄也跨了三代人。

And they own it all to David Boxely. Boxley is an internationally known artist, whose carved totem poles can be found in public and private collections from Walt Disney World to Japan. But on Tuesday evenings Mr. Boxley is a drummer, choreographer, singer and songwriter, because very few of the Tsimshians?original songs have survived.
他们把这一切归功于戴维·鲍克斯利。 鲍克斯利是一位国际知名的艺术家,他雕刻的图腾柱可以在从迪斯尼世界直到日本的公共或私人收藏中见到。但到了星期二的晚上,鲍克斯利先生就成了一位鼓手、舞蹈指导、歌手和作曲者,因为琴仙族原始的歌曲能得以传世的很少。


Like "The Gathering" which tells how the four Tsimshian clans got their crests, as dancers move across the floor in the image of various animals.
例如《集会》一曲唱的就是琴仙族的四个宗族如何获得他们的冠饰,唱的时候舞蹈者以各种动物的形象在地板上翩翩而过。


"The four clans of our people are: the eagle, the raven, the wolf and the killer whale. Everybody belongs to one. You are what your mother is. Everybody, you know, if your mom is a killer whale, then that's what you are. In the old days it controlled marriage and ownership of fishing grounds or burial grounds or stuff like that."
“我们族的四大宗族是鹰、乌鸦、狼、和杀人鲸,每个人都属于其中的一支,视乎母亲所属而定,如果你母亲是杀人鲸族的,那么你也是。过去,宗族主宰着婚姻、捕鱼区或墓地的所有权及诸如此类的事情。”


The Tsimshians were originally from an area along the Pacific Coast that is now British Columbia, Canada, but many of them moved to Alaska in the 1890s. Missionaries and the US and Canadian governments tried to destroy Tsimshian culture and language, but some of the people managed to preserve the old ways, including Mr. Boxley's grandparents, who raised him in Metlakatla, Alaska. They taught him everything he knows about his culture. Now he is sharing that knowledge with others.
琴仙族最早聚居在今为加拿大英属哥伦比亚省的太平洋沿岸地区,但在十九世纪九十年代许多人搬去了阿拉斯加。传教士以及美、加两国政府试图毁灭琴仙族的文化和语言,但有些族人成功地将古老的生活方式保留了下来,这些人之中就包括鲍克斯利先生的祖父母。他们在阿拉斯加的梅特拉卡特拉将他抚养成人,他们把所知的关于自己文化的一切都教给他。现在他正与别人分享着这些知识。


The children are learning on their own by dancing and singing along with their parents and elders. Tsimshian Haayyuk, which means "spirit of the Tsimshian," is very much a family endeavor. Founder and artistic director David Boxley says nearly all of the drummers and dancers belong to four families. And for those who are on their own, the group has become a family.
孩子们通过和他们的父母与长辈一起跳舞唱歌让自己学习这一切。琴仙好乐客的意思是“琴仙族之魂”,这一团体在很大程度上是家族经营的。创始人和艺术指导戴维·鲍克斯利说几乎所有的鼓手和舞者来自四个家族,而对剩下的那些人来说,团体成了他们的家。


Teaching his own people about their culture is just one of the missions of David Boxley. He also wants to share his culture with the rest of the world. Tsimshian Haayyuk has already earned a reputation along the Pacific Northwest Coast, where its performances are in demand. Word is beginning to spread even further. This past summer, the group traveled halfway across the United States to perform in Indianapolis.
将本族的文化教给本族人只是戴维·鲍克斯利要做的事之一。他还想把他的文化与世界上的其他人分享。琴仙好乐客已经在太平洋西北沿岸赢得了好名声,人们纷纷邀请他们演出。他们的口碑正愈传愈远。在刚刚过去的夏季里,该团体穿越了半个美国到印第安纳波利斯演出。

 

小  常 

琴仙人是指一群聚居在西北太平洋沿岸的讲琴仙语的北美土著。他们原居住在英属哥伦比亚省的北部,夏季捕鱼,冬季狩猎。琴仙人生活在木头平房里,整座屋子是环绕火炉的一个大房间,卧炕沿墙内侧而建。一个家族三、四十口同住一屋。琴仙族是母系社会(matrilineal society),整个社会分为首领、贵族与平民。琴仙人擅长雕刻图腾柱(totem poles)。今天,大部分琴仙人居住在英属哥伦比亚省与阿拉斯加的保留地(reservations)上。

 

 


 

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