Lead in...

1.周末玩的很high,看电影，看电视，找爹妈要新衣服，要零花钱很active;

  但星期一开始上课很被动，很难受，不愿去学校，就叫做passive

2. 同学在初中都差不多，但后来有的考进重点中学，是因为学习active；

   有的勉强混进一所中学分校班，爹妈差点没下跪，掏高价还心花怒放,都是因为学习passive

3.背单词快是因为active,慢是因为passive

4.现在我正在讲课很active,有些人还在走神很passive

5.哲学家萨特主动地（actively)拒绝诺贝尔文学奖，尽管He was awarded The Nobel Prize.

Step3. 被动语态的构成：被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：be(am／is／are)＋taught; 一般过去时：was／were＋taught

一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught; 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught

过去进行时：have／has been＋taught; 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught

                  　　记忆歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面

 

Step4:小结：尝试写出被动语态的构成

 

时态	被动语态的构成形式	举例
一般现在时		You are wanted on the phone.
一般过去时		Tom was scolded by his mother just now.
一般将来时		We hope the meeting will be held on time.
过去将来时		He told me that he would be invited to the party.
现在完成时		The machine has been repaired for two hours.
过去完成时		I was told that my bike had been found.
将来完成时		The bridge will have been completed by the end of the year.
过去将来完成时		He told his mother that his homework would have been finished by ten o’clock.
现在进行时		The room is being cleaned now.
过去进行时		The patient was being operated  on this time yesterday.

 

（is / am / are +过去分词；was / were +过去分词；will / shall be +过去分词；would /should be +过去分词；have / has been +过去分词；had been +过去分词；will / shall have been +过去分词；would / should have been +过去分词；is / am / are being +过去分词；was / were being +过去分词）

即时练习：将下列句子改为被动语态

1. Many people speak English in the U.S.A.

 

2. I will finish the work soon.

  

3. He bought a bike.

       

4. You should do the work carefully.

  

5. They are watering the flowers.

    

6. We heard them sing in the next room.

   

答案：1.English is spoken by many people in the U.S.A.

2.The work will be finished soon.

3.A bike was bought by him. 

4.The work should be done carefully.

5.The flowers are being watered by them.

6.They were heard to sing (by us) in the next room.

Step5:什么时候用被动语态

１、不知道谁是动作的执行者要用被动语态，如：

       This jacket is made of cotton.

２、没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时要用被动语态，如：

       English is spoken in Britain and America.

３、只需强调动作的承受者时要用被动语态，如：

        The bridge was built in 1990.

Step6:把主动句变为被动句的方法：在主谓宾结构中

１.把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，主动句的主语变为by 短语（没必要时可省），如：    Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

        The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.

即时练习

1.My mother made the soup.

 

2.Uncle Wang will repair my computer.

 

3.You must clean your room once a week.

 

4.The boy broke the window.

 

5.The workers are building a new bridge.

 

6.I can not find my dictionary.

 

7.Do students learn English in the middle school?

２.在主－谓－宾—宾结构变为被动语态时，只将其中一个宾语变为被动句中的主语，另一个宾语不变，如：

1） He told her a long story.

           宾     宾

→ She was told a long story.

→ A long story was told to her.

2） Mother bought me a new coat.

→ I was bought a new coat.

→A new coat was bought for me.

３.“主－谓－宾－宾补”句型变为被动结构时，只将句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补不变。

如：1） I found him lying on the floor.

                      宾     宾补

            →    He was found lying on the floor.

              2）We call her Rose.

                       宾  宾补

               → She is called Rose.

４.当主动句中有see/hear/feel/watch/notice/make/ have sb do sth 变为被动句时，do 前要加上to .如：

  1）I often hear him sing.

     →  He is often heard to sing.

  2）They made the boy go to bed early.

     → The boy was made to go to bed early.

即时练习

1.  My parents bought me a bike.

 

2.  Have they paid you the money?     

 

3.  He is telling us a funny story. 

 

4.Jack gave Jim a present.

 

5.He told us to wait for him at the school gate.

 

6.We must keep the environment clean.

 

7.Mother often makes me finish my homework first.

 

8.We saw her go out of the school.

 

9.I often hear him read English in the morning.

 

★ 课堂达标：

基础题

1. Our house_____.　

A. is getting paint　B. is getting painted　C. is got painted　D. has got to paint

2. He arrived in Beijing, where he _____ his friend.

A. was met by　B. was met　C. was meeting　D. met by

3.T he war _____ in 1937

A. was broken out　B. had been broken out　C. has broken out　D. broke out

4. The mistakes in the exercises will _____ the teacher.

A. cross　B. be crossing　C. be crossed by　D. cross by

5. My brother and I have __________her birthday party.

A. been invited　B. been invited for　C. invited to　D. been invited to

6. It _______ this way 

A. is had to do　B. is had to be done　C. had to be done　D. has to do

7. It __ this way.

A used to do　B. used to be done　C. is used to do　D. is used to doing

8. _____ Chaplin.

A. The child's name was called　B. The child's name calls

C. The child calls　           D. The child is named

9. The sports meeting____ .  A. is put off　B. is to put off　C. is to be put off　D. puts off

10. Mary realized she_________

A. was making fun of　B. was made fun C. was being made fun of　D. was being made fun

11.______to say a thing in that way

A. It is considers wrong　    B. It is considered wrong

C. It is considered it's wrong　D. It is considering wrong

12. He ordered that the books _______ at once.

A .would be printed　B. would print　C. be printed　D. print

13. The story ______ in China.

A. was taken place　B. was happened　C. took place　D. has been taken place

14. The house _____ my parents

A. is belong to　B. belong to　C. belongs to　D. is belonged to

15. He _______ by his teacher.

A. happened to see　   B. was happened to see

C. happened to be seen　D. was happened to be seen

16. Great changes _____ in our province. Many tall buildings ______________.

A. have been taken place, have been set up B. have taken place, have been set up

C. have been taken place, have been set up D. were taken place, were set up

17. The hall's ____ but it's not yet ____ with lamps.

A. furnished, finished　B. been finished, been furnished

C. being finished, being furnished　D. set up, full

18. The new hall is the tallest building in this town. _____ from here?

A. Can it see　B. Can it be seen　C. Can it seen　D. Can see

19. As soon as we got to the airport, we found that the plane_____.

A. had already taken off　     B. already took off

C. was already taking off　    D. was already taken off

20. Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.

A. have now been rebuilding　B. are now rebuilding

C. are now being rebuilt　    D. are rebuilt now

Answers to the questions:

1-5 BADCD　6-10 CBDAC　11-15 BCCCC　16-20 BBBAC

 

 

提高题

1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．

A. are not kept；will have to　B. are not kept；have

C. do not keep；will have to　D. do not keep；have to

2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.

A. developed　B. have developed C. are being developed　D. will have been developed

3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．

--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．

A. I've been told　B. I've told　C.I 'm told　D.I told

4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.

A. has completed　B. completes　C. has been completed　D. is completed

5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.

A. cut　B. are cut　C. are being cut　D. had been cut

6. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.

A. has been designed　B. had been designed  C. was designed　D. would be designed

7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.

A. breaks　B. has broken　C. was broken　D. had been broken

8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.

A. have been taken place; have been set up   B. have taken place; have been set up

C. have taken place; have set up            D. were taken place; were set up

9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.

A. had costed　B. costed　C. is costed　D. cost

10. --- Look! Everything here is under construction.

--- What's the pretty small house that __ for?

A. is being built　B. has been built　C. is built　D. is building

11. --- Do you like the material?

--- Yes, it ___ very soft.

A. is feeling　B. felt　C. feels　D. is felt

12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．

A. write　B. to write　C. to be written　D. written

13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．

A. to type　B. typing　C. to be typed　D. typed

14. Take care! Don't drop the ink on your shirt, for it __easily.

A. won't wash out　B. won't be washed out C. isn't washed out　D. isn't washing out

15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.

A. be put up　B. give in　C. be turned on　D. go out

16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.

A. belongs　B. are belonged to　C. belongs to　D. belong to

17. --- What do you think of the book?

---Oh, excellent. It's worth ___ a second time.

A. to read　B. to be read　C. reading　D. being read

18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.

A. catching　B. to be caught　C. being caught　D. to catch

19. This page needed ___ again.

A. being checked　B. checked　C. to check　D. to be checked

20. ___ many times, the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises

A. Having taught　B. Having been taught　C. taught　D. Teaching

 

 

 

 

 

Key: 1-5 ACADC　6-10 BCBDA 11-15 CBCAD　16-20 DCCDB

 

翻译练习:用被动语态翻译下面短文(原创)

一直被模仿（imitate）从未被超越（surpass）。在他生前，Michael Jackson曾经被怀疑过，但也被认为是世界历史上最成功的艺术家，他取得如此多的成就以至于我们都仰视(looke up to)他（achieve）。他的机器舞（robot）和太空步(moonwalk)现在正被世界时成千上万的粉丝模仿。现在的hip-pop和R&B都受到他的影响(influence)。因为他的舞蹈，人类被惊悚了（thrill）；因为他的歌声，世界被治愈了（heal）

 

Michael Jackson can be always imitated,but never be surpassed. Before he lived,he had ever been doubted,but was considered the most successful aritist in the history. He is looked up to because hee has been achieved so much .His robot and moonwalk are now being imitated by millions of fans around the world.The hip-hop and R&B has been inflenced by him.The human beings are thrilled because his dance.The world is healed because his voice.