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 Wishful thinking如意算盘    fall into four categories归结为四类   addiction to drugs吸毒成瘾   habitual drug-takers（吸毒）瘾君子  First, mass media keep us well informed of the happenings of the world which would otherwise remain unknown.首先，通过大众传媒，我们对世界风云变幻了如指掌，否则我们就会一无所知。  They must make great efforts to meet the satisfaction of the adults, and at the same time go out of their way to avoid imposing bad influence on the children.他们既要努力满足成年观众的需求，又要避免影片对儿童产生不利影响。  Films and TV series ought to educate the young but not to ruin them.影片和电视节目应对未成年人起到教化作用而不是教唆作用。   combine book knowledge with practice将书本知识与实践结合  Though it does good to college students in many ways, the golden week can never be said to bring no problems.对大学生而言，尽管黄金周好处多多，但其负面效应也是客观存在的。   cherish time珍惜时间   Nowadays we have heard too much about piracy here and there.今天，盗版现象随处可见  　pirated videos and pornographic publications盗版影碟或淫秽出版物 make great fortune overnight一夜暴富   authentic copyright holders版权合法持有者   prosecute起诉   employ more scientific and advanced inspection methods利用更多科学，先进的检测手段   only attach importance to superficial characteristics只注重产品的外在特征   tell the authentic copy from the false one将正版与盗版区分开来   Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于空谈。  The early 1990’s witnessed an unprecedented tide of rural workers flooding into big cities.２０世纪９０年代初期，农民工开始如潮水般地涌入大城市。  No one denies the important contribution rural workers have made to urban development.没有人能否认农民工为城市建设做出的重要贡献。 An indispensable part of urban life城市生活中不可或缺的一部分   Yet an anti-migrant attitude runs consistently through the mainstream of urbanization.然而，反对农民工进城的态度一直贯穿于城市化主流进程之中。　They also blame them for the sharp rise in urban crime rate.他们还把城市犯罪率的急剧上升归罪于农民工。　Most of the government officials are honest and hardworking, but cases of dishonesty and corruption in government are frequently reported in recent years.大多数政府官员是诚实敬业的。但近年来官员渎职，腐败案件时有发生。  seek ease and comfort贪图安逸享乐   neglect one’s duty玩忽职守　　They abuse the power entrusted to them by the people.他们滥用人民赋予的权利。　government at all levels各级政府   launch a nationwide campaign against all forms of corruption在全国范围内开展反腐败斗争。serve the people whole-heartedly全心全意为人民服务。   expose and denounce the offenders  曝光和揭发违法犯罪者   supervisory authorities监督部门   a guarantee to strengthen the economic construction促进经济建设的保证   take strict and effective measures采取严厉，有效的手段  Honesty can earn government high prestige among people, and maintain the close ties between government and its people.诚实守信能为政府赢得威信，加强政府与人民的密切联系。

a dramatic increase急剧的增长   shortsightedness短视的行为，无远见的行为   quit school辍学   earn one’s living谋生  make the farmers fully aware of the importance of the young generation’s education使农民充分认识到青少年教育的重要性。lighten their financial burden减轻他们的经济负担 one-child policy独生子女政策   the treasure of the whole family全家的宝贝  satisfy the child’s need满足孩子的需要  the spoiled child被宠坏的孩子   Moreover, too much praise makes the children proud, which further spoils them and renders them liable to develop all kinds of bad habits in the long run另外一点是，从长远看来，对孩子过度的赞扬会助长其骄傲心理，他们依仗父母的宠爱，可能会染上各种坏习惯。  ensure their normal growth and development促进他们的健康成长与发展   the harmful effect of indulgence放任（孩子）的危害   the inevitable by-products of the diploma craze文凭热的必然产物  lay too much emphasis on their candidates’ educational background过于看重应聘者的教育背景   win the employer’s favor获得顾主的青睐   Therefore, fake diplomas disturb the normal order of job markets and do great harm to society. 因此，假文凭破坏就业市场的正常秩序，对社会造成极大危害。   anti-forgery technology防伪技术   fabricate伪造（文书）   We should not only expose the fabricators through media but also punish them severely by law.对造假者不仅应该通过媒体将其曝光，还应该用法律手段严加惩罚。  Some children become so addicted to the foreign snacks that they will go eating whenever possible.有些孩子对洋快餐迷恋到了极点，一有可能就要去吃。  junk food垃圾食品   Through their contact with animal, children learn how to take care of those dependent on them, which helps them develop a sense of responsibility and cultivate their patience as well.通过与动物相处，孩子们能学会如何照顾好那些需要关爱的动物，有助于培养他们的责任感和耐心。   However, for a few people, keeping pets is an ostentatious display of their wealth.然而，对某些人而言，饲养宠物只是炫耀财富的一种手段。   cause serious hygiene problems 引发严重的卫生问题   The barking of dogs and mewing of cats can also be an annoyance to the neighbors 狗和猫的叫声会影响邻里。  As the saying goes, women can hold up half the sky.俗话说得好，妇女能顶半边天。They compete with men in many fields and contribute significantly to society.她们在许多领域与男子一起开展工作，为社会做出了重要贡献。 They are no longer tied to the household chores and the job of bringing up their children.她们的工作不再仅限于家务琐事和养儿育女。 Although women’s status has changed considerately, their complete liberation if far from being realized.尽管妇女的地位有了很大程度的提高，但她们的彻底解放依然任重道远。 Their work is often undervalued and underpaid.她们的工作通常不被重视，薪酬较低。 The elimination of such injustice requires the concern and efforts of the whole society.要消除这种不平等还需要全社会的关注与努力。  face the danger of extinction (生物等)面临灭绝的危险   (be) confronted with 面临（危险，困难等），面对   They are an indispensable part of ecosystem and natural beauty.它们（野生动物）是生态系统和自然美中不可缺少的一部分。wild life reserve 野生动物保护区   Only if we human beings take some drastic measures can wild animals be preserved.只有采取果断措施，野生动物才能得以保护。narrow the gap between…缩小……之间的差距（分歧）   In this way, both parental hopes and personal ideals will come true.这样，父母的期望与个人的理想都能实现。   The expansion of deserts must be stopped if we are to survive on this planet.如果我们想在这个星球上生活下去，沙漠扩张的势头必须得到遏止。  a green belt of trees绿化带   We hope that man can make great efforts to develop better ways to bring the spreading deserts under control.我们希望人类能竭尽全力来控制沙漠的蔓延。  It is not difficult to explain the reason for their surprising amount of interest in famous people’s lives.记者对名人生活如此热衷，其原因不难解释。   satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心   lead a normal life 过正常人的生活   Famous people are also citizens. They have the right to keep their own privacy like ordinary people---- the basic right which should be respected, protected and guaranteed by our laws in whatever circumstances. 名人也是人。 他们有权像普通人一样拥有自己的隐私，这种权利在任何情况下都应该得到尊重，保护和保证。 relieve us of the fatigue from work使我们从工作的疲惫中解脱出来。  balance one’s budget（收入）预算平衡 on one’s own独自，靠自己   adapt to college life适应大学生活   Only in this way can we lead a meaningful and fruitful college life.只有这样，我们的大学生活才更有意义，更有收获。 peer group同龄人群体   stay up late熬夜   self-image自身形象   cultivate our other interests培养各方面的兴趣   development in an all-around way全面发展   a rewarding job有价值的工作，满意的工作   put one’s ability into full play让某人的能力得以充分施展。 job prospect就业前景   gear their courses to the needs of industries and business使他们的课程适应工商业活动的需要  source of knowledge and wisdom 知识和智慧的源泉   place too much emphasis on grades过于看重分数  rigid grading system僵化的评分制度   Chinese primary and middle school students have been groaning under huge amount of homework, frequent exams and ambitious expectations of their parents.长期以来，中国中小学生不堪重负，这种压力源自大量的作业，频繁的考试和父母过高的要求。  physical and psychological health身心健康  moderately reduce students’ study load适度减轻学生学习负担   We should explore various evaluation systems so as to arouse students’ practical ability and interest in study instead of just giving them grades.我们应努力探索各种评价手段，以提高学生的实际能力和学习兴趣，一味以分取人的做法不可取。  neither overuse nor misuse the reference books既不滥用也不误用参考书   make concerted efforts to publish fewer but better reference books一起努力，出版精品参考书  The psychological courses open a door for communication and relaxation心理课程提供了交流和放松心情的机会。  Learning to get on well with others should be a part of our school education.学会与人相处是学校教育的应有之义。  We were often told that sometimes personal relationship is even more important than our professional skills or knowledge for our future career.我们知道，人在职场，有时人际关系甚至比专业知识更为重要。  face the fierce competition面对激烈的竞争   Times are different, and the job market demands personnel with a variety of skills.时代不同了，人才市场需要不同才干的人。 Firstly, there is a recognition that an candidate with a master’s degree will have an competitive advantage over those with only a bachelor’s degree.首先，人们意识到，在就业竞争中，拥有硕士学位者比只拥有学士学位者占有优势。  Consequently many companies set a much higher standard for new recruits than ever. 因此，许多公司在新员工招聘标准方面设置了比以往要高得多的门槛。 Then if conditions change, you can slip with comparative ease from one field into another, avoiding the pain of waking up to find yourself out of a job.一旦情形有变，你可以比较轻松地跳槽，免受突如其来的失业痛苦。Obviously public awareness of the situation has created a surge of interest in acquiring a master’s degree.很显然，人们对这种形式心知肚明，从而导致攻读硕士学位的热情日益高涨。  Going abroad for studies benefits us enormously. In addition to knowledge, we can gain experience those who stay at home will never have.出国求学使我们受益匪浅。我们不仅能获得知识，还能获得与国内生活迥异的经历。  a different perspective of the world.不同的世界观   (be) exposed to different ideas and values（使）接触到不同的思想和价值观   culture shock文化震荡，文化冲击   The payoff is worthwhile.其回报是丰厚的。  perseverance毅力  adolescence青春期，青年期　 When the children come back, who can guarantee that they can adapt to the fierce competition here? 当这些孩子回来后，谁能保证他们定能适应国内的激烈竞争呢？  We can see clearly that although teenagers’ studying abroad may bring some favorable results, there are still a lot to worry about.我们不难看出，尽管青少年出国留学有一定好处，但让人担忧之处也有很多。 Nowadays some college graduates complain that what they learned at college is not much helpful to them in their future work. 如今，一些大学毕业生抱怨，在学校学到的知识对他们要从事的工作没什么太大的帮助。  It is high time for colleges to advance a revised teaching program and adapt their curricula to the requirements of new times.大学急需修订其教学计划，使课程体系适应新时代的需求。  the planned economy 计划经济  a market-oriented economy市场经济　 It is essential for colleges to make adjustments to their curricula and catch up with the rapid development of modern society. 大学有必要对其课程体系做出调整，从而跟上现代社会的发展步伐。　　 far-reaching深远的   gain social experience获得社会经验   conduct some social investigations做一些社会调查   drop out of school失学　　poverty-stricken area贫困地区   call on people in the developed areas to lend their hands to those children号召发达地区的人们帮助那些（贫困）孩子   Therefore, the Project Hope is the hope of those remote regions as well as that of the whole nation.因此，希望工程体现的不仅是那些边远地区的希望，也体现了整个国家的希望。 pocket money零用钱   I firmly believe that with the effort of our government and the whole nation, the Project Hope is bound to be a success. 我相信，在我们政府和全国人民的努力下，希望工程一定能取得成功。