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        <title>鲁子问的教育与人文博客</title>
        <description></description>
        <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/luziwen</link>
        <lastBuildDate>Mon, 04 Jan 2010 14:37:23 GMT+8</lastBuildDate>
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        <copyright>Copyright 1996 - 2009 SINA Inc. All Rights Reserved.</copyright>
        <pubDate>Mon, 04 Jan 2010 06:37:23 GMT+8</pubDate>
        <item>
            <title>“中国国民能力纲要”或许能成为现实</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h6bv.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="center">“中国国民能力纲要”或许能成为现实</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
刚刚接到通知，我的一篇建议尽快制定“中国国民能力纲要”的报告发布了，或许有机会得到重视，从而成为现实。这是新年最好的礼物了！</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
几十年研究外语能力、外语运用能力，一直无法突破社会需求的桎梏。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
五年前开始研究外语政策、外语战略，逐渐发现问题的本质所在：国民能力需求。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
近三年在研读国外的大量文献中不断形成一些新的思考，终于在2008年下半年开始有所突破，聚焦到一个核心：国民能力纲要。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
大半年的阅读和思考之后，于此形成了比较系统的思考，开始撰写一些文字，几经修改，形成一篇勉强可以成文的东西，难得的机会终于出现，得以有点点结果。或许还有更好的结果。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
这或许能成为一个比较有全局意义的小作为、小贡献。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
当然，这一领域不是一篇几千字的小文可以厘清、详述的。深入的研究是今后一段时间的重点，已经约定今年的博士生以此为博士论文研究内容，应该会有比较好的结果，至少是一部博士论文专著。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
我不由得期待。</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
下面是报告的一小部分内容，因文章性质原因，暂时不能全部公开。公开发表的论文上半年可能会发表，届时一定与大家分享论文全文。</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
发达国家和很多发展中国家已经或正在制定各自的“国民能力纲要”。1996年联合国教科文组织提出21世纪的四项基本能力（学会做事、学会学习、学会做人、学会共存），1997年，经济合作与发展组织（OECD）就开始“关键能力定义与选择”研究项目，美国教育部、劳动部等不同部门随即启动各自的21世纪关键能力研制项目，亚太经合组织1997年也启动相关研究，澳大利亚和新西兰很快也提出了各自的“国民技能纲要”，英国在原来国家技能标准基础上编制多项基本性的能力标准（如跨文化工作能力标准），秘鲁、新加坡等国也开始研制各自的全面或不同领域的国民能力要求。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
我们这里以美国教育部、微软、思科等政府机构和企业联合研制的“21世纪技能”为例。这一纲要列出美国教育的四大核心领域：全球意识，财务、经济、工商企业素养，公民素养与健康素养，然后列出学习与创新技能，信息、媒体与技术技能，生活与职业技能三大技能领域。每一领域包括一些技能，如：</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
A．学习与创新技能：</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
a．创造与创新：创造性思维；与他人创造性工作；实施创新</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
b．分析性思维与解决问题：有效归因；运用系统进行思考；判断与决定；解决问题</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
c．交往与协作：有效交际；与人协作</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
B．信息、媒体与技术技能</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
a．信息素养：搜寻与评价信息；运用与管理信息</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
b．媒体素养：分析媒体；创造媒体产品</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
c．信息通信与技术素养：有效应用技术</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; C.
生活与职业技能</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
a．调整与选择：选择变化；善于调整</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
b．启动与自我引导：管理目标与时间；独立工作；善于自我引导学习</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
c．社会与跨文化技能：与人有效交往；在差异化团队有效工作</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
d．生产与绩效：管理项目；形成结果</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
e．领导力与责任感：指导和领导他人；对他人负责</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
按照这一能力纲要所培养的美国学生应该具有非常强的国际竞争力，甚至是国际领导力。这显然是我国目前的教育和人力资源培训目标难以企及的。甚至新西兰提出的“思考、运用语言与符号和文本、管理自我、与人相处、参与与贡献”这五项基本能力，也是我国很多国民目前仍然缺乏而又十分需要的。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
在世界很多国家开始其国民能力纲要的研制的时候，我国还只是编制了一些国家职业技能标准，而对于最核心的国民基本能力，则尚没有启动研制。</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>考选制度</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h6bv.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 04 Jan 2010 02:12:42 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h6bv.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>我翱翔</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h503.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="center">我翱翔</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
--致2010</P>
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<p>当理想亲吻大地时</P>
<p>我诞生</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当意念融入实践时</P>
<p>我成长</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当勤勉植入睿智时</P>
<p>我卓立</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当机巧锋辩直诚时</P>
<p>我中毓</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当激荡冲击本理时</P>
<p>我稳企</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当经典挑战创新时</P>
<p>我践行</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当偶然可以必然时</P>
<p>我冲锋</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当冷眼交响喝彩时</P>
<p>我清瞢</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当矢志造化嘉获时</P>
<p>我昂扬</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>当雄鹰正罡九天时</P>
<p>我翱翔</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<p>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>诗文随笔</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h503.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 31 Dec 2009 17:10:33 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h503.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>耳拎一拎2010新年祝福</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h4v8.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312,楷体; FonT-siZe: 22px" COLOR="#ED1C24"><strong>耳拎一拎2010新年祝福</STRONG></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312,楷体; FonT-siZe: 22px" COLOR="#ED1C24"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</STRONG></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312,楷体; FonT-siZe: 22px" COLOR="#ED1C24"><strong>&nbsp;
各位博友看官，劳烦大家代我拎一拎您的耳朵，以表达我最真诚的祝福！</STRONG></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312,楷体"><strong>&nbsp;</STRONG></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312,楷体; FonT-siZe: 22px" COLOR="#ED1C24"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
祝愿您，耳拎一拎：</STRONG></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312,楷体; FonT-siZe: 22px" COLOR="#ED1C24"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</STRONG></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312,楷体; FonT-siZe: 22px" COLOR="#ED1C24"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;福体鸿安，生活昌乐，诸事胜意！</STRONG></FONT></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>相关事务</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h4v8.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 31 Dec 2009 15:42:17 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h4v8.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>方向</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h4yr.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-siZe: 22px">方&nbsp;
向</FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center">&nbsp;</P>
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<blockquote STYLE="MArGin-riGHT: 0px" DIR="ltr">
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
赤足鸟到了山那一边</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
这边失去了方向</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
不知是本没有方向</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
还是鸟儿本来不应该去那一边</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 皴黑中</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp; 任何曾经的鲜艳都归于一色</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;包括方向</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 企耳四察</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;只有凉风儿神注地说着给谁听的心里话</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
一切都是什么</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;很想问问</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;但却</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
一如自古以来都是黯然神伤</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
或许不应在这边吧</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
更或不应去询问寻找方向</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;怀了沙吧</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 嚯嚯</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
如同时常</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
那只是一种方向</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
还是想切问</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
什么是方向</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
或如问</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
是否存在方向</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 罢了去</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
且待如豆的光</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
立然心头</P>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>诗文随笔</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h4yr.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 31 Dec 2009 15:23:07 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h4yr.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>小学英语语词教学建议</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i5.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">今天下午在山东城阳参加教研活动，听课后讲了一个话题。</FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><font FACE="Times New Roman">类似话题以前贴过。根据与会老师要求，贴出来供参考。<br /></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">小学英语语词教学建议<br /></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">华中师范大学北京研究院<br />
鲁子问&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><br />
一个单词的故事<br />
A panda bear walks into a restaurant. He orders the special and
eats it. After eating, he pulls out a pistol, kills the waiter and
starts to walk out the door.<br />
The owner of the restaurant says, "Hey, what are you doing? You
come in here, you kill my waiter and walk away without saying a
word. I don't understand."<br />
The panda says, "Look it up in the dictionary," and walks out the
door.<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>为什么强调语词教学？<br />
语言的基本成分是语法化的语词 (grammaticalized lexis)，而不是单个的词。<br />
语词具有语义，更具有语法功能。<br />
词汇(vocabulary) 指的是单个词，语词(lexis)指的是语义层面的词词汇结构。<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>什么是语词？<br />
语词是由一个或多个词汇组成的独立成分，其特性为：<br />
&minus;语义不是词形决定的，而是语境决定。<br />
&minus;具有某一或某些结构目的。<br />
&minus;具有社会语义。<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词的分类<br />
1. 单词<br />
单个的语词成分，低信息词(words with low information content)如with, of,
高信息词(words of high information content)，如book, cross<br />
2. 短语<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
多个单词构成的比较固定的成分，如look up, go on, put off<br />
3. 多词项(Multi-word items)<br />
3.1 搭配<br />
因表达需要形成的习惯性的连用，如 prices fell, incomes rose, task-based language
teaching and learning<br />
3.2. 习惯用法<br />
&nbsp; 3.3.1. 省略句<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp; 如 Not yet. Certainly not. Just
a moment, etc<br />
&nbsp; 3.3.2 句头、句架（Sentence heads or frames）<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp; 如 Sorry to interrupt, but can
I just say...<br />
&nbsp; 3.3.3. 整句<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp; 如 What a mess!<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>确定教学内容<br />
词汇学习的内容<br />
语义<br />
书面语、口语形式<br />
语法行为(grammatical behavior)<br />
搭配(collocations)<br />
语域(register)<br />
关联属性(association)<br />
词频 (frequency)<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>确定词汇教学内容--book为例<br />
词形&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; book,
books, booking,
booked&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />

读音&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
/b&#433;k/&nbsp;&nbsp;
/b&#433;ks/&nbsp;&nbsp;
/’b&#433;ki&#331;/&nbsp; /b&#433;kt/<br />
词性&nbsp; 1. 名词；2.动词<br />
语义：book = “书”吗？<br />
搭配：book cook the book, closed book…<br />
连用：book<br />
语法行为：book<br />
语域：名词所有语域，动词较正式语域<br />
词频：名词为口笔前1000词，动词为口语前2000词<br />
语用：名词可在正式与非正式场合使用<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
动词用于正式语篇使用多于非正式语篇<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>确定语词教学目标<br />
背单词背的是什么？<br />
记单词记的是什么？<br />
考单词考的是什么？单选是什么运用形态？<br />
小学目标：<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
第一：教材语境的基本语义<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
第二：教材语境的基本语法行为<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
第三：读音<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
第四：教材语境的基本词形<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词教学重点<br />
&nbsp;通过教材语境，掌握语词用法，能运用所学语词在类似教材语境理解与表达<br />
搭配<br />
连用<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词教学难点<br />
语词运用<br />
语词搭配<br />
语词读音（尤其是对于母语不是拼音文字的汉族等学生）<br />
词形（小学阶段存在认知困难）<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词有效教学原则<br />
1) 用多种真实语境呈现词汇<br />
2) 从已学词汇联系新学词汇<br />
3) 语义、短语、连用的丰富训练<br />
4) 根据特性，选择运用多种词汇教学技巧<br />
5) 交替运用不同教学技巧<br />
6) 让学生自己选择词汇学习技巧和方法<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词教学的目标<br />
1、区分识别词汇与运用词汇<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
识别词汇即认读和听懂的词汇，也称输入词汇，运用词汇即能口笔头运用(拼写)的词汇，也称输出词汇<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
成人比例为 5:1，学习者比例可为 3:1<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
要求小学生拼写运用的词汇约为200词<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
学习700词，阅读理解500-600词<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
听力理解400词，书面运用200词<br />
2、语词的文化内涵等<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词呈现方式的多样化<br />
在语境中完整呈现词形、读音、语义、语法行为、语用等<br />
同一语境用不同语音、语调反复呈现<br />
同一语境用不同情感、动作反复呈现<br />
在近似语境中反复呈现读音和词形<br />
在最近发展区之内，扩展呈现<br />
在生活相关话题，扩展呈现<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词讲解的系统化与运用化<br />
读音：听，体验，跟读，朗读，说<br />
词形：尽可能整体获得，必要时可按音节分解<br />
搭配、连用：教材语境的基本用法<br />
语法行为：教材语境的基本用法<br />
语用：反复呈现课文近似语境<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词训练实践的故事化（课文化）<br />
基于已掌握简单结构训练新词汇<br />
基于语境训练与运用<br />
基于话题训练与运用<br />
所有训练与运用都应有语篇意识，，一切在语篇基础上学习和训练<br />
词不离句，句不离篇<br />
比如一节课的所有词汇例句都在一个故事背景下展开<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语词教学的话题化<br />
话题为中心，促进语词图的形成<br />
语词教学的语境化<br />
在课文中接触新词汇<br />
用促进内化的方式学习新词汇的读音、语义<br />
在运用中学习新词汇的运用</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">语词教学的技能化：听<br />
体验语篇中的语词读音<br />
体验语境中的语词节奏、读音、重音等，培养语感<br />
训练语篇、语境中的节奏、读音、重音等，培养语感<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">语词教学的技能化：读<br />
语篇中接触语词词形、语法行为、搭配连用等<br />
语篇中理解语词的语义<br />
语境中建立话题语词图<br />
语境中综合掌握语词<br /></FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">案例：读故事中学习shoots<br />
A panda bear walks into a restaurant. He orders the special and
eats it. After eating, he pulls out a pistol, kills the waiter and
starts to walk out the door.<br />
The owner of the restaurant says, "Hey, what are you doing? You
come in here, you kill my waiter and walk away without saying a
word. I don't understand."<br />
The panda says, "Look it up in the dictionary," and walks out the
door.<br />
案例：读故事中学习shoots<br />
So the owner gets out a dictionary and looks under the heading
“panda". It reads:<br />
panda：black and white animal; lives in central China; eats shoots
and leaves.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">所以句读之后就是：<br />
Panda eats, shoots and leaves.<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">语词教学的技能化：说<br />
从语词开始说语句<br />
有意义地说语词语句<br />
从语词到语句<br />
用图片引导说<br />
用语境引导说<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">语词教学的技能化：写<br />
语句层面的语词抄写（单独抄写一个词，只能训练词形记忆，对于语词学习的作用不大）<br />
不单独进行无语句的单词拼写训练<br />
语篇中语词的运用<br />
语境中语词的运用<br />
主动的说能较好地迁移为有效的写<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">语词教学的基础性：强化基础<br />
按教材内容顺序进行基础性巩固，每一节课解决一个关键的基础问题，形成全体学生全部达到的基础<br />
基础性的词汇必须全部掌握<br />
经常回顾前面巩固过的内容<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">语词教学的复现化<br />
注意提高词汇复现率<br />
读音、词形、用法全部要复现<br />
语境复现，同时近似语境迁移<br />
让学生不断检查前面巩固过的内容是否掌握，让学生形成自我巩固的良好习惯<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">语词教学的程序化<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1、课文呈现语境<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2、语句呈现语法行为<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
3、核心词汇学习、训练与运用<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
4、一般词汇学习、训练与运用<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
5、巩固与任务实践<br /></FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">小&nbsp;
结<br />
1、语词不只是单词，还要词组，甚至语句<br />
2、单词重点不是词形和读音，而是其语法行为、搭配与连用<br />
3、选择适当的方式交替地进行训练<br />
4、用简单结构呈现和训练新语词<br />
5、一切词汇教学应基于真实语境、为真实语用目的而进行<br />
6、合理把握小学生词汇学习目标<br /></FONT></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i5.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Dec 2009 15:21:24 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i5.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>小学英语课文有效教学建议</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i4.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left">
今天上午在青岛市永宁路小学参加青岛市的教研活动，根据要求讲了有效教学问题，主要从课文教学这个视角做了一点说明。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">这里是提纲。以前讲过类似的话题，这里有一些调整。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center">小学英语课文有效教学建议<br /></P>
<p ALIGN="center">华中师范大学北京研究院<br />
鲁子问&nbsp;<br /></P>
<p>有效教学<br />
有效教学是促进有效学习的教学活动，是在规定的教学时间等教学条件下，达到或超过规定的教学目标的教学实践。<br />
有效教学包括有效果、有效率、有效益三个层面。<br />
当有效教学取得大幅度超过教学目标的教学成效时，则达成高效教学。<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>学习成效提升策略体系4.0版<br />
基于课题组对三万多学生、两千多老师的调研、两千多节常态课的分析、课题组全体成员累计三万多节课的教学实践，以及国内外三十多年的理论研究。<br />
</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>课文的内涵<br />
课文的学习性：<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
课文是语言学习的主要内容。<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
作为课文，必然具有教学功能，有明确的教学内容和教学目标。可能学会的是语言项目、篇章结构、语用表达等。</P>
<p>课文的语篇性：<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
课文是一个独立语篇，具有作为独立语篇的语义功能、语用目的、语境。<br />
两种性质的冲突：<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
独立语篇的语用内涵可能不是学习的目标，学习目标可能不是语篇的标志性语用特征。&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>课文教学设计的关键<br />
分析课文作为独立语篇的语义功能、语用形态、语境<br />
分析对话语篇的真实口头交际功能，短文语篇的真实语用目的（写作与阅读）<br />
明确教学目标，把握不同目标<br />
依据语用、语境、语义，选择设计运用实践活动<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>课文语篇分析<br />
谁？什么关系？<br />
什么话题？<br />
说了什么？<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
表达了什么语义功能？<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
语用目的是什么？<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
用什么语言说的？（语言项目）<br />
在哪里？什么场合？（语境）</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语篇分析<br />
谁？Amy, Lingling, Ms Smart和Tom。<br />
什么关系？母子、姐弟、中国大孩子与外国小孩子。<br />
什么话题？家庭行为规范。<br />
说了什么？要求整理玩具等。<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
表达了什么语义功能？说明行为规范。<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
语用目的是什么？行为规范教育。<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
用什么语言说的?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; You
should/shouldn’t…<br />
在哪里？什么场合？Ms Smart家里。<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>确定教学目标<br />
首先要区分基础目标和较高目标<br />
语言知识目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
词汇、语法、语音<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
文化、学习策略<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
语篇结构（尤其是信件等）<br />
语言技能目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
听的目标 &gt; 说的目标 &gt; 写的目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
听的目标 &gt; 读的目标 &gt; 写的目标<br />
运用能力目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 说的目标
&gt; 写的目标<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>确定教学目标<br />
基础目标：全体学生理解行为规范语句<br />
较高目标：能用should/shouldn’t 表达行为规范<br />
语言知识目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 语法：should
用法<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 部分语言强化<br />
语言技能目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
100%学生能听懂should/shouldn’t表达的行为规范<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
100%学生能读懂should/shouldn’t表达的行为规范<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
50%学生能用should/shouldn’t说出行为规范<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
25%学生能用should/shouldn’t写出行为规范<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语篇教学主要目标<br />
落实、强化、巩固<br />
把学生已经形成的听说能力最大可能地转化为读写能力<br />
按照教学目标和课程标准，强化已有知识能力，保证全体学生达到最基本要求<br />
把学生一定的听说能力、初步的读写能力尽最大可能固化，成为坚实的能力基础</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>对话语篇的教学目标<br />
语言知识目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
语句结构、词汇短语、文化背景等<br />
对话技能目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
说的技能目标、交际策略目标<br />
运用能力目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
对话功能的运用<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
语句结构的运用<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>短文语篇的教学目标<br />
语言知识目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
语句结构、词汇短语、文化背景等<br />
阅读技能目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
宏观阅读技能目标、微观阅读技能目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
阅读图式建构目标<br />
运用能力目标<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
短文语篇功能的运用<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
语句结构的运用<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
阅读运用目标<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>教学重点<br />
&nbsp;所有听的活动尽可能与读、写的活动结合<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
比如听后阅读、读后听、听后写、听中写、听前写</P>
<p>所有说的活动尽可能与读、写的活动结合<br />
&nbsp; 比如说后阅读、读后说、说后写、说前写</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>教学重点（续）<br />
全面巩固听说读写，重点巩固学生较弱的项目<br />
然后要照顾全体学生，重点帮助有困难的学生<br />
可进行简单的语法、语音、学习方法归纳，但对全体不宜使用概念、音标、理论，对优秀学生可以使用<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>基于话题的课文词汇教学<br />
话题为中心，促进话题词汇图的形成<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>基于课文的语境化词汇学习<br />
在课文中接触新词汇<br />
用促进内化的方式学习新词汇的读音、语义<br />
在运用中学习新词汇的运用<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>词汇处理<br />
区分识别词汇与运用词汇<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
识别词汇即认读和听懂的词汇，也称输入词汇<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
运用词汇即能口笔头运用(拼写)的词汇，也称输出词汇<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
成人比例为 5:1<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
学习者比例可为 3:1<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
据此，<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
要求小学生拼写的词汇约为200词<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语法学习<br />
一般语法内容，应采用发现，认知，归纳的方法，结合课文语句，让学生先发现、再总结、再练习</P>
<p>很复杂的语法内容、学生理解有很大困难的语法内容、复习语法的时候，可采用演绎的方法</P>
<p>练习要语境化，有合理的语用目的<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>听的教学<br />
看图了解课文大意之后，听课文录音进一步预测，并感受语言<br />
学习课文主要内容之后，听课文录音，跟读，学习节奏、读音、重音等，培养语感<br />
学习课文后听课文录音，进一步学习节奏、读音、重音等，培养语感<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>阅读教学<br />
宏观理解整体语篇中心大意<br />
宏观理解整体语篇情节发展，必要时建构图式<br />
微观理解语篇主要信息<br />
不拘泥语词、结构的理解<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>说的教学<br />
学习课文前，预测课文内容时，讨论、问答<br />
学习课文时，就课文内容讨论、问答<br />
学习课文后，进行拓展讨论、问答、陈述、复述<br />
学习课文语言后，运用新语言，讨论、问答、陈述<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>写的教学<br />
从写单词完成语句开始<br />
逐步发展到独立写语句</P>
<p>不单独进行无语句的单词拼写训练</P>
<p>主动的说能较好地迁移为有效的写<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>强化基础<br />
按教材内容顺序进行基础性巩固，每一节课解决一个关键的基础问题，形成全体学生全部达到的基础，比如基础性的语句、基础性的词汇等</P>
<p>经常回顾前面巩固过的内容<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>复习与整理<br />
让学生不断检查前面巩固过的内容是否掌握，让学生形成自我巩固的良好习惯</P>
<p>要有一定的文字整理，比如把落实到每一节课的关键语句、关键词印发给学生<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语篇教学程序<br />
1、复习启动<br />
2、任务呈现<br />
3、任务准备/课文教学<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
A、课文导入<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
B、课文呈现<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
C、关键语句整体学习<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
D、核心词汇初步学习<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
E、难句初步感知<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
F、课文巩固<br />
4、运用实践与任务完成<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语篇呈现方式<br />
用任务导入，直接呈现语用目的</P>
<p>第一次整体呈现，呈现语境</P>
<p>全部内容呈现，呈现语义功能和语言形式<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语篇讲解<br />
课文讲解<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;
从运用入手，透彻讲解语用、语境、语义，透彻讲解语言知识的运用，但不死扣语法，不细分语法<br />
课文掌握<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
基础目标：能准确运用目标语句，能用汉语说明课文语境、语用目的<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
较高目标：能准确运用目标语句，能用汉语说明课文语境、语用目的能用英语复述课文<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>语境化训练与运用实践<br />
知识训练：从运用入手，设置有语境的训练要求一定的准确性</P>
<p>技能训练：抓住核心，按照体系，针对训练</P>
<p>词不离句，句不离篇，一切在语篇基础上学习和训练<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>小&nbsp; 结<br />
1、课文是语言学习的核心文本，有明确的学习目标<br />
2、课文是独立的语篇，有语境、语用目的和功能，这些并不一定是学习目标<br />
3、课文教学不只是词汇、语法教学，更是听说读写、文化意识、情感态度、学习策略、综合语言运用能力的教学<br />
4、一切课文教学活动都在语篇层面、为语用目的而进行<br /></P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i4.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Dec 2009 15:16:18 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i4.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>课堂观察记录-青岛永宁路小学</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i3.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">课堂观察记录</FONT></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">青岛市小学英语有效教学研讨会暨李沧区小学英语攻坚基地成果展示会</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">青岛市永宁路小学</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">2009年12月28日</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">执教：L老师</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">NSE Book 9 Module 10
Unit 1</FONT></P>
<table BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Time</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">T’s
Activities</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Ss’
Activities</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Comments</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">8:45</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Greets T</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to do ‘Listen
and do’</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Greet Ss</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do ‘listen and
do’</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">8:47</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents signs of no
doing and leads to</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">We shouldn’t run in
the classroom.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to spell
should/ shouldn’t</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss the meaning
of shouldn’t/ should</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to listen and
point: should or shouldn’t.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Say the meaning of
the signs individually</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">G1 says
“应该的，必须的”</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">It’s good to let the
strong students be the presenters.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Translation here is
not necessary and may mislead pupils.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">8:49</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Leads to the topic:
family rules</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents the task:
Make a poster of family rules</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Leads to
text</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">8:51</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents part of the
text picture and leads to the content of the text</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Talk about the
text</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Individual Ss use the
new words of the text.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presenting part of
picture can help Ss elicit the text</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">This is
helpful.</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">8:54</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to listen to
the text and rearrange the pictures</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Listen to the whole
text</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do it</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">8:54</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents Picture 1
and asks Ss to elicit the words</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to read the
text silently and find who says what</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do it</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">It’s real reading but
maybe difficult for pupils. Maybe ‘listen and find’ is
better.</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">8:59</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents sentences
and asks Ss to tell who says the sentences</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents new words:
tidy</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do it</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:01</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents sentences
with words for choice and asks Ss to choose the correct
words.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do it</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:03</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents the audio of
the whole text and asks Ss to follow the tape</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do it</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:04</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to read the
text and underline should/ shouldn’t</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to read the
sentences</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Read and find in a
short time</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Read the sentences
aloud</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Boy 1 mispronounced
tidy. The class help.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Good peer
correction.</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:06</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to read the
text in pairs.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:06</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to what is
the verb form after should and explains in Chinese:
should/shouldn’t后面要用动词原形</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Answer in
Chinese:后面要用动词原形</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:07</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to read the
text in group</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to present
their reading of the text</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to assessment
the text reading of the presenting group</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Read</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">G1 present and try to
dub the tape</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Peer assessment and
dubbing are effective here.</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:10</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to find the
differences between the verb tidy and the adjective verb</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Listen and
answer</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:11</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss about the
text: Who do you like best?</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Talk about the
characters</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Moral
education.</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:12</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents more family
rules without should/shouldn’t and asks Ss to fill in.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">You ______make a
mess.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to
present</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Girl 1 made a
mistake:</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">You (should) read
books in bed.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Class
correct.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:15</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to talk about
more family rules.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss to make a
poster of family rules in group</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks 2 groups to
present in groups.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">One student write and
others watch.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Do it in Chinese:
你写大一点。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">All group members
read the rules together.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Maybe process is
important here.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Ask Ss to list some
family rules.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Choose the first five
rules.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">One member present
one rule..</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:19</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents photos of
HIN1</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Asks Ss what we
should/shouldn’t do.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents some rules
and asks Ss to read them.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Talk</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Read.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:21</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Summarizes.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Presents more social
life rules and asks Ss to judge should / shouldn’t do.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">9:24</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Assigns
homework.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Recycling at
home.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Preparation for the
next class.</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="559" COLSPAN="4">
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">General
Comments</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">What I
learned:</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Good task-based
teaching: making poster of family rule. The task is clearly
introduced before learning the text.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Good text
comprehension work. Picture rearrangement. Sentence and speaker
matching…</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;
Good peer assessment is effective.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;
Moral and social life education is helpful.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;
Smooth transition is helpful.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">What I
think:</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;
New language learning can be a bit more in ordinary
class.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Clear presenting in
the order of listening, reading, speaking, writing may be better
than.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Task can be modified.
If we clearly state whom the family rules are made for, it might be
better. And if we change the task into ‘Our school is now making
school rules. What's your idea? Discuss and help
our&nbsp;school make school rules after learning the
text’ or ’Making city rules for Qingdao children’, because making
family rules is the business of each family but school and city
rules are social.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Teacher talk can be
modified, such as using as many ‘should/shouldn’t’ as
possible.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Grammar terms can be
avoided in ordinary schools.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Group work with clear
task assignment to every member will be better, such as presenting
the rules individually can check whether each student has reached
the learning target, asking members of non-presenting groups
whether they agree or disagree to the presented rules.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i3.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Dec 2009 15:14:28 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i3.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>课堂观察记录-山东城阳实验小学</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i1.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="center">课堂观察记录</P>
<p>山东城阳实验小学</P>
<p>2009年12月28日</P>
<p>执教：Y老师</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<table BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>Time</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>T’s Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss’ Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Comments</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>13:42</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Greets Ss</P>
<p>Let’s sing a song: Has he got a cold? No, he hasn’t.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Greet T</P>
<p>Sing.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>13:44</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Talks about the pic of the song and Ss’ health</P>
<p>Teach: cough, stomach ache, headache, tooth ache by doing
actions</P>
<p>What’s the matter? (Writes it on Bb and asks Ss to spell the
words)</P>
<p>He’s got a toothache.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss by actions with emotions</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>13:52</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents the tape and asks Ss to listen</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>13:55</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to read the text and find:</P>
<p>What’s the matter with Shanshand?</P>
<p>What happened to Mingming?</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Work in pairs.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:01</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to follow the tape to read the text</P>
<p>Encourages Ss to show the symptoms</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do with actions.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>It is not necessary for the speaker to show the Symptoms. It’s
better to do this with I’ve got…if the lexical is the focus.</P>
<p>If the focus is on He/She’s got… maybe class chair’s duty report
is better.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:06</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to fill in the blanks of the text.</P>
<p>Encourages Ss to spell the words.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Asking Ss to write the words as doctors or class chair is more
contextualized and more effective.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:08</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to talk about Liu Wenhao’s disease with a jigsaw</P>
<p>Offers one demo</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Guess</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Liu Wenhao is in class. He’s not ill at all.</P>
<p>Maybe talking about somebody absent is better, such as my
daughter Lili…</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:11</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to work in pairs and talk about the pictures</P>
<p>Asks pairs to present and others point</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>As for listening, it’s lexical work. All the sentences are not
important.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>It’s not easy to check the pointing. Maybe listen and say the
number is better here.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:14</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to do Activity 1 in AB: Listen and number.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:18</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to read loudly</P>
<p>Asks Ss to pay attention to their hand writing</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Louder</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Loudly for what purpose?</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:20</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Summarize</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do summary</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:21</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents the process of seeing a doctor.</P>
<p>Present advice for keeping healthy and a proverb: Life lies in
motion.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>14:23</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Assigns homework.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="559" COLSPAN="4">
<p>General Comments</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Good interaction.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Good consolidating</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Good assessment</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Good practice</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Good moral education</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Good of teaching new words
with actions.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Contextualized language
teaching will be more effective.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Task-based instruction can
be more effective.</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
<p>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i1.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Dec 2009 15:12:06 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h3i1.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>2010年中国外语战略论坛征文通知</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h20y.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left">很多老师谈到外语教学的困难时，都会抱怨政策不好。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">让我们一起来尝试努力改变那些不好的政策吧！</P>
<p ALIGN="left">欢迎大家参加这次战略论坛！发表高见，了解动态，交流思想！</P>
<p ALIGN="left">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center">2010年中国外语战略论坛</P>
<p ALIGN="center">征文通知</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2010年中国外语战略研究论坛拟于2010年6月在上海举办，这次论坛的目标是：1）促进外语战略研究的长足发展，打造跨学科研究团队，为构建我国和谐的语言生活服务，为国家的政治、经济、文化发展服务；2）展望2020年中国外语战略目标。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
会议时间：2010年6月5—6日（周六、周日）</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
会议地点：上海外国语大学</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;会议主题：国家战略视角下的外语与外语政策</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 分
议题：1）外语战略研究的理论、方法与目标</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&#1048698; 外语战略的概念与内涵</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;外语战略研究的理论与方法&nbsp;</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&#1048698; 外语与中国诸语言之关系</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;2020年中国外语战略目标</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2）历史进程中的外语及其作用</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;国际化进程中外语的地位与角色</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
公民外语能力与国家发展</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
外语战略与国家安全</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
外语与汉语国际传播</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
3）外语教育与测试研究</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;我国外语教育的成就与不足</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
外语考试及其社会效应</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
中外外语教育比较研究</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;两岸四地外语教育比较研究</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
4）外语与社会生活</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
国家战略视角下的翻译问题</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&#1048698; 社会生活中的外语应用</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&#1048698; 外语使用规范与管理</P>
<p>
&#1048698;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
跨文化交际中的语言形象构建</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
本次论坛欢迎语言学、社会学、经济学（战略管理）、军事学（战略学）、数学（运筹学）、政治学、传播学、教育学、文化学、法学（公共政策研究）、修辞学、汉语国际传播等领域的人士参加。会后将出版论文集。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
欲参加会议的学者请将会议论文摘要（500字左右）及个人简介（单位、研究方向、学位、职称、通讯地址、电子信箱）用电子邮件方式发至：<b><a HREF="mailto:waiyu2010@gmail.com">waiyu2010@gmail.com</A></B>。请在邮件主题中注明“论文摘要”。论文摘要提交的截止日期为<b><u>2010</U></B><u>年</U><b><u>3</U></B><u>月</U><b><u>10</U></B><u>日</U>。会议委员会对摘要进行初步评审后于<b><u>2010</U></B><u>年</U><b><u>3</U></B><u>月</U><b><u>25</U></B><u>日</U>前后发出正式会议通知。</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 联
系人：房娜、郭家堂</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
电子信箱：<b><a HREF="mailto:waiyu2010@gmail.com">waiyu2010@gmail.com</A></B></P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
电话：021-65366605（电话/传真）；021-65311900转3264（房），3270（郭）</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
上海外国语大学中国外语战略研究中心&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>
<p>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2009年12月</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h20y.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 25 Dec 2009 14:46:06 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h20y.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>课堂观察记录-山西长治</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h2b8.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left">日前在山西长治县一中听了三节课，做了一点记录，与大家一起思考如何推进高中课程改革。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">今年暑期高中新课程的研究很快又要开始准备了，有的方案已经开始编制了。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">连续听了一些高中课，可以更多思考高中新课程培训到底如何做。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center">课堂观察记录</P>
<p ALIGN="center">&nbsp;</P>
<p>山西长治县一中&nbsp; 人教必修二Unit 5 Music第一课时</P>
<p>S老师</P>
<table CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" BORDER="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p><a NAME="OLE_LINK2">Time</A></P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>T’s Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss’ Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Comments</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:10</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Greets Ss</P>
<p>Today we’ll talk about an interesting music? How many kinds of
music do you know?</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Greet T</P>
<p>Answer in English and then Chinese</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:12</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to open to Page 43 and read the caption and explain it
in Chinese.</P>
<p>Asks Ss to listen to different pieces of music and match them to
different pictures</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Get all the answers except orchestra and classical.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>It takes 8 minutes to introduce the kinds of music. Maybe just
4-5 minute to introduce some kinds which are difficult for Ss to
tell the differences.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:20</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss: Do you any famous bands?</P>
<p>Do you know something about the Monkees?</P>
<p>Asks Ss to open books to page 43 and read the text and answer Ex
1</P>
<p>Presents a PPT:</P>
<p>Step 3</P>
<p>Activity 1: Scanning</P>
<p>Activity 2: Careful reading</P>
<p>Activity 3: True or false</P>
<p>Activity 4: Discussion</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Offers: 五月天, S.H.E…</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:26</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to join the parts of the sentences together</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>It is about the details. As the task for the first reading, it
is not fit to the global reading.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:27</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to read and get the main idea of each paragraph within 8
minutes.</P>
<p>Encourages Ss to discuss with partners</P>
<p>Asks Ss to pay attention to the first sentence of each
paragraph</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Ss do it individually.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>It’s a good way to do implicit skill training.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:34</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to present their findings</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Offer the answers not exactly correct</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Offering some techniques for eliciting the main idea of each
paragraph will be better.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:37</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to do T/F together</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:41</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents two questions to Ss and asks Ss to discuss in group of
4.</P>
<p>Offers a sentence on Bb to help Ss discuss: What is a real
band?</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss sit and think.</P>
<p>Later discuss in pairs.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Why group of 4? Not clear not necessary. So Ss do it
individually or in pairs.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:49</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks individual Ss to offer their discussion</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Offered little.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>If group work, group presentation is necessary.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>8:52</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Assigns homework</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="559" COLSPAN="4">
<p>General Comments</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; The reading process is
clear.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; The lead-in with music is
helpful.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Implicit skill training is
useful.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; The teaching stage can be
more effective.</P>
<p>&nbsp;A more effective reading stage can be like
this:</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; First reading after lead-in
for one or two global questions, such as What’s the text about?
What band does the text introduce? How many parts does the text
consist of? Can we take the text as an example for our task of
introducing a band?</P>
<p>Check vocabulary and grammar difficulties.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Second reading for detailed
information.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Third reading for language
use. What sentences or words can we take from the text for our
task? What language items in the text inspired you / surprised you
/ made you happy/sad?</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; In such a process, Ss can
not only get the gist of the text but also get the language items
of the text which are new for them and necessary for their task
fulfillment.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Group work can be more
effective if the purpose is clearer and the assessment is
direct.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>长治县一中高二选修六Unit 5第5课时</P>
<p>W老师</P>
<table CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" BORDER="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>Time</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>T’s Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss’ Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Comments</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:00</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Plays an English song while Ss are coming</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Good preparation</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:04</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Greets Ss</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Greet T</P>
<p>Do make their vows of learning English after the chair
student.</P>
<p>Never give up!</P>
<p>Never give in!</P>
<p>Always …</P>
<p>over 10 vows.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>It’s good for students to remember these sentences but maybe
different patterns of sentences will work better for Ss’ learning
effectiveness.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:05</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss what IT stands for.</P>
<p>Asks Ss to find all ‘it’ in the text within 5 minutes.</P>
<p>Says: Titanic is leaving in 5 minutes.</P>
<p>Writes ‘The use of it’ on Bb.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:11</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents all the sentences with ‘it’.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Giving the chances to Ss will certainly work much better and
more.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:13</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to work in group of 4 and discuss the use of it in each
paragraph.</P>
<p>Helps Ss to form groups.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do group work</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:18</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to offer their explanation</P>
<p>Analyses the uses of it in the text</P>
<p>Connects the new sentences to the previously learned
sentences.</P>
<p>Encourages Ss in humourous ways, such as asking the student Li
Ning as Prince</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Offer answers but with some difficulties</P>
<p>…find <i>it</I> difficult to give <i>it</I> up</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Group answering will make the group work effective.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:27</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Summarizes the use of it with four typical sentences.</P>
<p>Chop your own wood will make you warm twice.</P>
<p>Encourages Ss by affective education.</P>
<p>Uses sentence comprehension and MC questions for revising the
use of it.</P>
<p>Connecting to the differences with it is… doing</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it correctly.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:44</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Summarizes and tells Ss: we’ll learn the 20 patterns next
class.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>9:45</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Assigns homework: Read the text and do the ex of 20
patterns.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="559" COLSPAN="4">
<p><a NAME="OLE_LINK3">General Comments</A></P>
<p>&nbsp; Making vows do help Ss remember some sentence
patterns.</P>
<p>&nbsp; Humourous and affective encouragement works
well.</P>
<p>&nbsp; Summary and connection do help Ss increase
learning effective.</P>
<p>&nbsp; How to teach grammar depends on for what to
learn grammar. Learning the use of it for comprehension or for
writing? Both. All the practices in this class are for
comprehension. Maybe it is necessary to add some practices of using
it for writing.</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>长治县一中高二选修7 Unit 1 Living well第一课时</P>
<p>Z老师</P>
<table CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" BORDER="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>Time</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>T’s Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss’ Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Comments</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:21</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss: What’s the content of your dream?</P>
<p>Asks S1: What are the differences between dream at night and
dream in your life?</P>
<p>Leads to: Every one wants to live well including people in
disability.</P>
<p>Do you think people in disability can live well?</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>S1: My dream is to become a scientist.</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Ss answer: Yes.</P>
<p>S2 mentions: Hawking</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:28</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Writes Unit title on Bb</P>
<p>Live Well</P>
<p>Disabilities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>S1 Mental disability, loss of arm/leg, walking difficulty,
difficulty in eye sight…</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:31</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents PPT</P>
<p>Asks Ss to read the explanation of disability on PPT but the
colour of the words is yellow so that Ss find the words out</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>The colour of words should always be white and black.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:34</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents 3 photos of disability and asks Ss to tell who he/she
is</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it, even when T is not sure about the name of Jin Jing, the
torch girl</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:36</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to read the text out and find what disability each
person has</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:40</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Ask Ss: What information do you hope to get in Marty’s
story?</P>
<p>How the disabled people live well and achieve their dreams.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Offer answer</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:41</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to read the text and get the main idea of each
paragraph.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:44</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to discuss in groups of 4 about the main idea of each
paragraph</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Discuss in groups.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:48</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to offer their results</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Encourages S1 who tried to use ‘He has confident…’ ‘Oh,
good!’</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Offer answers individually with lots of difficulties</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Error correction is not needed at this time, especially when
other Ss cannot get the answers.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>10:55</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to discuss about Marty’s problems and his deeds</P>
<p>Encourages Ss to recite the problems and deeds</P>
<p>Asks Ss to clap for S1, S2</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>S1, S2 recited almost the whole answers</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>11:03</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to read the text and answer 4 questions</P>
<p>Why was Zhang Yuncheng’s success special? …</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Added passage is an effective choice for skill training, but may
be a load for reading comprehension of a new text.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>11:06</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to offer their answers</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it with lots of difficulties</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>11:09</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Assigns homework</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="559" COLSPAN="4">
<p>General Comments</P>
<p>&nbsp; Reading process is clear.</P>
<p>Introducing a task will be much better.</P>
<p>&nbsp; Ss have some difficulties in understanding
the text and using the words to answer the questions.</P>
<p>&nbsp; As the general comments for the first class
mentioned, that process may be more effective.</P>
<p>&nbsp; Vocabulary is a hurdle in the text. So a
vocabulary check after the global reading is a necessity.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
<p>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h2b8.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 25 Dec 2009 14:40:30 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h2b8.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h2ah.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left">
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会领导嘉宾专家合影</P>
<p ALIGN="left">
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
2009年12月11-13日&nbsp; 中国 武汉</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p><a HREF="http://blog.photo.sina.com.cn/showpic.html#url=http://static16.photo.sina.com.cn/orignal/4b0f7262g7b8e3715d1af" TARGET="_blank"><img STYLE="WiDTH: 603px; HeiGHT: 387px" HEIGHT="387" SRC="http://static16.photo.sina.com.cn/middle/4b0f7262g7b8e3715d1af&amp;690" WIDTH="543" NAME="" /></A><br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>考选制度</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h2ah.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 25 Dec 2009 14:07:08 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h2ah.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>华中师范大学北京研究院2010年贺卡</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0ci.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p>各位博友好！</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
感谢大家的支持！特贴出我院新年贺卡，向大家致以新年问候！</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
今年的贺卡语言比较简洁，因为石头上“求实创新、立德树人”八个字（华师校训，勒石于校正门内桂子山脚）使我感到无穷的动力和压力。</P>
<p><a HREF="http://blog.photo.sina.com.cn/showpic.html#url=http://static1.photo.sina.com.cn/orignal/4b0f7262t7b5249844c10&amp;690" TARGET="_blank"><img STYLE="MAx-WiDTH: 500px; WiDTH: 664px; HeiGHT: 467px" SRC="http://static1.photo.sina.com.cn/bmiddle/4b0f7262t7b5249844c10&amp;690" /></A></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>相关事务</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0ci.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 14:46:41 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0ci.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>欢迎加入外国语学校调查研究</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0cc.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US">

</SPAN>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt">
<span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman"><font SIZE="3"><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span STYLE="mso-spacerun: yes"><font FACE="Times New Roman">外语特色教育正在组织对外国语学校的调查研究，欢迎外国语学校加入！</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-ALiGn: center; tab-stops: 70.5pt" ALIGN="left"><font SIZE="3"><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US">&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-ALiGn: center; tab-stops: 70.5pt" ALIGN="left"><b STYLE="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 16pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
欢迎加入调查研究！</SPAN></B></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt">
&nbsp;</P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt">
<font SIZE="3"><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span STYLE="mso-spacerun: yes"><font FACE="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></SPAN>
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
我国外语特色教育作为我国成效最显著的特色教育，到底有哪些特征？形成了哪些优势？还存在哪些不足？这是我们研究外语特色教育必须关注的。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
在本期动态上，我们发表了杭州外国语学校的一组调查报告。这是在</SPAN><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">年</SPAN><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">月开始的调查。此次调查由鲁子问、夏谷鸣设计和组织。我们设计了报告大纲，对杭外调查人员事先进行了调查培训，说明了调查要求，组织了调查报告的编撰。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
我们欢迎更多外国语学校委托我们对学校进行调查研究。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
此类调查的目的：</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">、调查发现所调查外国语学校形成的教育教学特色，总结经验；</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">、调查发现所调查外国语学校还存在的教育教学不足与问题，尤其是近期具有较大发展空间的领域，开展相应研究，提出学校发展报告；</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">、根据所调查外国语学校的委托，开发校本课程标准、课程、教材和教师教育课程；</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">、根据所调查外国语学校发展需要，帮助学校建立国内外联系。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
调查研究工作由课题组与学校教师共同完成，调查研究费用由所调查学校承担。优秀调查报告将编入《外语特色教育研究（</SPAN><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><font FACE="Times New Roman">2010</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">）》。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
调查研究工作由

鲁子问教授、夏谷鸣教授负责。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
有意邀请课题组开展调查研究。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TexT-inDenT: 24pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; tab-stops: 70.5pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">
<span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">
联系人：雷老师（</SPAN><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><a HREF="mailto:gjkt@163.com"><font FACE="Times New Roman">gjkt@163.com</FONT></A><font FACE="Times New Roman">;
13811565551,010-68452201</FONT></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times new roman'">）</SPAN></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0cc.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 14:43:22 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0cc.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>外语特色教育动态第2期目录与第一文</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0ca.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="center">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-siZe: 22px; FonT-FAMiLY: 黑体" COLOR="#FF0000">&nbsp;外语特色教育动态</FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">2009年第2期（总第2期）</FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;2009年12月22日</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>华中师范大学北京研究院</B><b>“</B><b>外语特色教育学习资源建设应用研究与实验</B><b>”</B><b>课题组</B>
<b>主办</B></FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>教育部基础教育课程教材发展中心</B><b>“</B><b>基础教育学科资源保护开发与应用研究</B><b>”</B><b>项目组</B>
<b>指导</B></FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">———————————————————————————————————————</FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><b><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></B></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>本期要目</B></FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">经济合作与发展组织的外语教育与创新研究介绍……………………………鲁子问/2</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">外语特色学校学生语言能力培养——杭州外国语学校调查报告之一…………………</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">……………………………………………………杭州外国语学校 夏谷鸣
龚姚东等/5</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">外语特色学校学生文化能力培养——杭州外国语学校调查报告之二…………………</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">…………………………………………………………杭州外国语学校 汤萌
龚姚东/14</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">外语特色学校学生创新能力培养——杭州外国语学校调查报告之三…………………</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">…………………………………………………………………杭州外国语学校&nbsp;
高淼/23</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">欢迎加入调查研究！…………………………………………………………课题组/封底</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">简讯……………………………………………………………………………………22/31</FONT></P>
<br CLEAR="all" />
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>经济合作与发展组织的外语教育与创新研究介绍</B></FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">鲁子问</FONT></P>
<p ALIGN="center"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">（华中师范大学）</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>一、经济合作发展组织背景</B></FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">经济合作与发展组织 ( 简称经合组织，即
OECD，ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT )
是一个独特的场所。在这里， 30
个市场经济国家和地区共同工作，应对全球化世界经济带来的对经济、社会、环境、以及治理上的挑战，并利用其带来的机会。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">经合组织帮助各国政府通过经济增长、金融稳固、贸易与投资、技术、创新、创业精神、以及发展合作等方式促进繁荣
,
缓解贫困。它也正致力于帮助各国政府确保经济和社会的发展不以环境的急剧退化为代价。经合组织的其它目标包括创造人均就业机会、社会平等、以及洁净高效的治理。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">经合组织的工作处于领前地位，致力于理解并帮助各国政府应对新发展与关注问题，如企业治理、恐怖分子及其他犯罪分子对国际金融系统的侵用、新技术管理、以及人口老化带来的挑战。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">四十多年来，经合组织是世界上最大最可靠的比较统计、经济、及社会数据的来源。经合组织的数据库跨越包括国家账算、经济指标、劳力、贸易、就业、人口迁移、教育、能源、卫生、工业、税收、旅游业、以及环境在内的多种领域。很多研究分析都已发表。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">自1995年以来，经合组织与中国的对话和合作项目已逐步扩展到很多政策领域，中国有20个以上部委同经合组织开展了持续的对话。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">在中国政府一如既往的支持下，双方的对话和合作关系已经扩展到以下领域：宏观经济监测与分析，统计，税收，环境，农业，竞争政策，金融部门改革，公司法人治理，外商直接投资政策，教育，社会保障，劳动力市场政策，公共预算管理，产业技术政策，中小企业政策，部门政策如钢铁，造船，海运等。近年来的主要合作成果包括首次发布的《经合组织中国经济调研》，一份有关中国公司法人治理情况的报告，一份关于中国农业政策的评论（这三份报告都已在2005年完成），还有两项已启动的重要课题：将于2006年完成的中国环境评论和应中国科技部要求将于2007年完成的中国创新体系评论。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>二、</B><b>“</B><b>迈向更高效的非母语学习：政策与实践</B><b>”</B></FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">经济合作发展组织教育署教育研究与创新中心全球化与语言能力项目（Globalisation
and Linguistic Competencies (GLC) project Centre for Educational
Research and Innovation (CERI) Directorate for Education,
OECD）负责人Bruno della Chiesa最近发布“迈向更高效的非母语学习：政策与实践”（TOWARDS MORE
EFFICIENT NON-NATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING (NNLL) --POLICIES AND
PRACTICES）报告。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">报告使用了一个我们用得不多的术语—非母语。这一概念可以跳出“二语”与“外语”之争，尽管我们仍然需要区分语言学习环境。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">报告提出了非母语教学研究的四项内容：环境因素（the
contextual factors）、学习创新（the learning innovations）、学习结果（the
outcomes of learning）、学习环（the language learning circle）。</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>&nbsp;</B>&nbsp;&nbsp;
以下是四项研究内容：</FONT></P>
<p><b><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">A suggested
analytical framework for research (four components)</FONT></B></P>
<p><b><i><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></I></B></P>
<p><b><i><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Component 1:
before and around learning &ndash;the contextual
factors</FONT></I></B></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Motivation towards
language learning may already have been determined to a large
extent even before formal learning takes place. Education systems
have to make do with perceptions that are already instilled. This
is a significant point given that motivation has such an important
impact on learning in general. Motivation to learn languages, in
turn, can be hypothesized as driven by representations such as
values and beliefs that shape an individual‘s worldview. It should
be stressed here that the various components of motivation and
their respective weights can certainly be distinguished between
children and adults. Motivational factors for adults include
professional development, global competitiveness, emotional bonding
(<i>e.g.,</I> someone who wants to learn a language because he or
she is married to a native speaker of that language), lifestyle,
connectedness with a specific culture or society, or learning for
the joy of learning. A child, on the other hand, may not experience
as many motivation factors as an adult. Children are usually
required to learn a non-native language by their parents or
schools. There are some cases where children are highly motivated
to learn another language, and some of these motivators include
cross-cultural family ties, media impact, or a natural
competitiveness. Motivation is a somewhat fragile key that needs to
be nurtured in the classroom. Non-native language educators need to
come up with innovative strategies to keep this motivation high and
reinforce the students’ enthusiasm for learning.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">In addition, the
media can play an important role in re-enforcing or counter-acting
this impact of individual representations on the motivation to
learn languages14. At some stage, all these contextual factors will
need to be included in the analysis of effective teaching and
learning.</FONT></P>
<p><b><i><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Component 2:
during the learning process &ndash;the learning
innovations</FONT></I></B></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Teaching and learning
(in both formal and informal settings) most probably play an
important role in raising learning outcomes. Various methods of
teaching different types of languages exist for both children and
adults. Of particular interest is the role of (a) <i>variation in
timing for starting to learn languages</I> &ndash; <i>e.g.,</I>
introducing non-native language learning at an earlier stage in the
curriculum, (b) <i>innovative methods of learning &ndash; e.g</I>., a
balanced approach to language learning that takes into account
phonetics, semantics, syntax and pragmatics, and (c)
<i>technologies</I> &ndash; <i>e.g.,</I> tutorials using internet-based
and interactive tools. Recent years have witnessed a significant
number of these innovations in language learning and
teaching.</FONT></P>
<p><b><i><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Component 3:
after the learning process &ndash;the outcomes of
learning</FONT></I></B></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Labor market demand
for linguistic competencies has changed significantly in recent
years (see below), and this has an important implication for
individuals incentives to learn different languages. This calls for
both learners and language teaching institutions to better
understand and respond to the types and levels of languages that
are required for labor market success. Linguistic competencies may
also have an impact on the social integration of the learner and
their family, notably in respect of migrant
populations15.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<p><b><i><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Component 4:
the language learning circle</FONT></I></B></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">The three previous
elements cover the process that runs from the environment to
economic and social outcomes. In addition, it would be of interest
to know if improved learning outcomes and/or economic and social
outcomes would help to further raise individual representations,
hence starting the virtuous circle.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">There is no one right
way of teaching a second language and no “absolute barriers to
second-language acquisition,” (Bialystok &amp; Hakuta,
1994). In addition, the complex but crucial relations between the
learning processes involved in the cases referred to above suggests
the use of a varied approach in view of the multiplicity of
situations. Lastly, it should be noted that the distinctions
between the different mixes described above are only rarely as
hermetically separate as the said classification might suggest.
Often, in fact, people find themselves somewhere in between these
idealized representations, moving along a continuum between
languages and cultures as they themselves evolve.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>三、经合组织创新战略</B></FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">OECD发布了自己的Innovation
Strategy</FONT><a HREF="http://www.oecd.org/pages/0,3417,en_41462537_41454856_1_1_1_1_1,00.html"><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">，其中有关于教育与创新的问题回答，内容如下：</FONT></A></P>
<p><b><i><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">What are the
critical skills and education for innovation? How to create a
culture of radical and incremental innovation in the education
sector?</FONT></I></B></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">Innovation is a
driver of growth and well-being. New technologies, products,
services and organizations create jobs and rejuvenate industries.
But to reap those gains, policy makers need to understand how the
way we innovate is changing. This has implications for human
resources and education systems if they are to feed this innovation
society. This also presents new opportunities for innovation and
improvement in education systems.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">A major policy
initiative underway at the OECD, the&nbsp;Innovation
Strategy, offers a cross-government approach to drive sustainable
growth and improved social welfare. It links recommendations across
education, entrepreneurism, research, immigration, tax and trade
needed to help countries capture the economic benefits of
innovation in a new era. It will offer rigorous data and
evidence-based analysis for updating policies across the whole of
government.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman">A key part of this
strategy is a focus on human resources, education and training in
two main pillars:</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>Skills, education
and training for innovation<br /></B>- The skills needed for
innovation go beyond the traditional emphasis on science and
engineering: this represents a new challenge for policy makers,
educators and industry willing to promote an innovation-friendly
environment.</FONT></P>
<p><font STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: Times new roman"><b>Innovation in
education and training<br />
-</B> Innovation policy in education is critical for the
improvement of learning outcomes, equity, cost-efficiency and
student satisfaction.</FONT></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0ca.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 14:40:02 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0ca.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>课堂观察记录2例</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0c2.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left">今天听了两节课，感觉课改有了一些变化，但确实还有很长的路要走。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">
不得不思考一个问题：如何强化教研意识，从领导到老师？有些学校做的很好，甚至过于好，有些学校太麻木，甚至过于麻木。核心是动力问题，意识是动力的一种外显。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center">课堂观察记录</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>山西襄垣县一中高二实验班24Ss</P>
<p>Z老师</P>
<p>人教必修7 Unit1第一课时</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<table CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" BORDER="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>Time</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>T’s Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss’ Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Comments</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>2:35</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Helps Ss get ready for new lesson</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Prepare for learning</P>
<p>Regrouping and reading texts</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>2:40</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Greets to Ss</P>
<p>Invite Ss to sings Happy New Year song</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Stand up and greet T</P>
<p>Sing</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>2:41</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Leads to the new lesson Living well.</P>
<p>Divides Ss into Apple, Banana, Orange, Watermelon Groups</P>
<p>Invites Ss to look at the photos of Jin Jing, Hawking, Tai
Lihua</P>
<p>Asks Ss to talk about the achievements of the tree</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Shows dance to Ss</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Recognize all the three</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Talk about Jin Jing: and her relay of the torch</P>
<p>Hawkin: 杰出的物理学家in Chinese</P>
<p>Tai Lihua: deaf but dance</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Ss made a light laugh</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>2:46</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to read the new words</P>
<p>Show a word map and present word by word(blind, deaf,
paraplegic下身瘫痪的, mute, lame), asks Ss to read the words</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Read them</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>No task presentation</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>T made a gesture to show the meaning of lame.</P>
<p>It’s not good to do so because it showed disrespect to the
lame.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>2:47</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Leads Ss to the text</P>
<p>Asks Ss to read the text and answer 3 questions and finish 3
tasks</P>
<p>Goes around and helps Ss in Chinese</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Go through the requirements</P>
<p>Read it aloud</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Too much pre-reading load</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:04</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to write their answer down on Bb</P>
<p>Asks Ss to trace the answers back to the text (which paragraph
and which line)</P>
<p>Stick another apple for Apple Group because S1 is from this
group</P>
<p>Asks Ss to put out the main ideas of each paragraph</P>
<p>Offers apple, orange…to the group answering the questions
correctly</P>
<p>Asks Ss to put out the main idea and offers comments to S1’s
answer</P>
<p>Presents T’s answer</P>
<p>Presents a table of problems and deeds and asks Ss to offer
answers</P>
<p>Asks Ss to trace their answers back to the text</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>S1 writes down on Bb</P>
<p>Name: Ability:</P>
<p>Achievements: Ambition:</P>
<p>Others talking which S1 writing</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Present all the answers correctly</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>S1 read the last paragraph</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Read T’s summary</P>
<p>Offer answers, sometimes more than 1 student stood up to
answer.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Good skill training</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>The effectiveness must be quite low.</P>
<p>Formative assessment should be done in the way of improving
learning effectiveness.</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Ss cannot offer answers in their own words. They just read the
sentences from the text and speak in a low voice.</P>
<p>The pace is overloaded to Ss’ attention span and memory span.
It’s better to separate this section into 3 or 4 parts. In this
way, Ss can read the text 2 or 3 times.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:24</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to think: What do we learn from Marty and other disabled
people?</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Offer their ideas</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:27</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Summarizes the formative assessment</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="559" COLSPAN="4">
<p>General Comments</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; The learning can be more
effective if the teaching pace can be flexible with Ss’ attention
span. No learning activity should be longer than 5 minutes.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Reading and answering,
reading again and answering again … will help Ss understand the
text better and master the use of the language better.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Introducing a task before
learning the text will drive Ss to learn the text better.</P>
<p>&nbsp; If there is a vocabulary comprehension check,
the comprehension effectiveness will be higher.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>山西襄垣县一中L老师</P>
<p>Unit 4 Wildlife Protection</P>
<table CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" BORDER="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>Time</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>T’s Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss’ Activities</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Comments</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:44</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks S1 to present his duty report</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>S1 talks about healthy living habits</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:46</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to imagine two things while T presents two terrible
environmental situation</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Listen and imagine</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>If there is some results of the imagination, it will be
better.</P>
<p>If asking Ss to listen to Erqquanyingyue and do imagination and
then present the results, it may be more effective.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:51</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents skimming skill and how to make summary of the text:
Trying to think about 3 points: who, what, the meaning of the
story.</P>
<p>Asks Ss to discuss with friends about the main idea of the
text</P>
<p>A. It’s about some protection of wildlife.</P>
<p>C. It’s about Daisy’s experience of protecting wildlife
animals.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Good skill training presenting</P>
<p>The 3 points are not good enough. If it’s why, it’ll be
better.</P>
<p>Good grouping</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:55</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to present their answers</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>S1 chose C but most students disagreed.</P>
<p>S2 chose A and many students agreed.</P>
<p>S2 explained her choice without using the technique.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>The skill training is not effective practice because the focus
is not clear enough.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>3:59</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to skip for the 3 places within 1 minute</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>4:00</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Presents the abridged text with some blanks and asks Ss to fill
in.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Is it the first learning of the text? If so, the exercises is
too difficult at this stage.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>4:05</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to scanning for detailed information by checking T/F and
then multiple choice check for comprehension.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Do it</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Ss do it without real scanning. They do it depending on their
memory of the text.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>4:17</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Asks Ss to discuss: What can we do to help endangered
animals?</P>
<p>Presents possible choices and asks Ss to find which are Ss just
did not mention.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>Ss offer some ideas individually.</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>Ss read the choices in chorus.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>Group discussion will be more effective.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>4:25</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>Summarizes measures human should take to protect wildlife and
tells Ss: Live in harmony with the wildlife.</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="79">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="180">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="176">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="124">
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<td VALIGN="top" WIDTH="559" COLSPAN="4">
<p>General Comments</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I love
the grouping and the explicit skill training, although it can be
more effective.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I love
the enthusiastic teaching.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Finding
the real-life learning difficulties Ss have in skimming for main
idea and then designing learning activities depending on these
problems will improve the learning effectiveness.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Skill training needs
attentive material design. One practice is not enough.</P>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp; Using group work more
purposely will improve the learning effectiveness.</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
<p>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0c2.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 14:34:10 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100h0c2.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>学习成效论文提要一组</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzs8.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[刚刚完成一组学习成效论文的修改工作，发给杂志社了。<br />
先把摘要贴出来与大家分享。<br />
<br />
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center"><b><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 16pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span>&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></B><b><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 16pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">提升英语学习成效的有效策略探析</SPAN></B>
<a TITLE="" HREF="#_ftn1" NAME="_ftnref1"></A></P>
<div STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center"></DIV>
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center"><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span>&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">鲁子问</SPAN><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span><br /></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 9pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">（华中师范大学，湖北武汉，</SPAN><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 9pt" XML:LANG="EN-US">430079</SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 9pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">）</SPAN></P>
<p><b><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-siZe: 12pt" XML:LANG="EN-US">&nbsp;</SPAN></B></P>
<p><b><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 黑体">摘要：</SPAN></B><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">学校教育的目的是促进学生的学习和全面发展，有效学习是实现学校教育目标的关键，学习成效是评价有效学习结果的最关键指标。学习成效不仅评价学习成绩，而且强调学生的学习满足感，特别强调学习成本的控制。本文对学习成效的定义、特征、要素、教学过程进行探讨性分析，并介绍基于研究提出的提升学习成效的策略和教学方案。</SPAN></P>
<div><br CLEAR="all" />
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><b><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 14pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">提升英语学习成效的课堂教学目标策略探析</SPAN></B>
<a TITLE="" HREF="#_ftn1" NAME="_ftnref1"></A></P>
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">王春晖<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">1</SPAN>
夏谷鸣<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">（<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">1</SPAN>浙江教育学院<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span>&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN> 杭州<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span>&nbsp;</SPAN>
310012<span>&nbsp;</SPAN> 2</SPAN>杭州外国语学校<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US"><span>&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN> 杭州
<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">310023</SPAN>）</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体" XML:LANG="EN-US">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="MArGin: 0cm 0cm 12pt 42pt; TexT-inDenT: -42pt; Line-HeiGHT: 115%">
<span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">摘要：</SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 楷体_GB2312">英语学习的成效与单位学习成本成反比。要提高学生的学习成效，就应该考虑降低单位学习成本。降低成本的方法很多，如提高教学水平和学习能力、加强教学评价的作用。但所有这些的关键是教学目标，一个有效的教学目标能够有效整合“教”与“学”，能够提高教学评价的效度。为此，本文重点讨论三大目标策略：（<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">1</SPAN>）目标整体策略；（<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2</SPAN>）目标分解策略；（<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">3</SPAN>）目标调控策略。通过这些策略的运用，能够保证教学目标的有效，从而降低单位学习成本，提高学习成效。</SPAN></P>
<div><br />
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><a NAME="OLE_LINK4"></A><a NAME="OLE_LINK1"><span><b><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 14pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">提升英语学习成效的课堂参与教学策略探析</SPAN></B></SPAN></A>
<a TITLE="" HREF="#_ftn1" NAME="_ftnref1"></A></P>
<p STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%; TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center">
<span><span><span STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">王彩琴</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%; TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center">
<span><span><span STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">（河南师范大学外国语学院，河南新乡，<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">435007</SPAN>）</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%"><span><span><span LANG="EN-US" STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体" XML:LANG="EN-US">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%"><span><span><span STYLE="Line-HeiGHT: 150%; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">摘要：课堂教学的主体是学生，而课堂学习成效的关键是教学策略运用的得当与否。英语课堂的有效教学策略有很多，其中的“参与教学策略”强调教师要善于调动学生参与课堂学习的积极性，引导学生学习的主动性。本文将借助案例探析“参与教学策略”在英语课堂教学中的具体实施。</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<div><br CLEAR="all" />
<p STYLE="MArGin: 6pt 0cm; TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center">
<b><span STYLE="FonT-siZe: 16pt; FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">提升英语学习成效的课堂自主学习策略探析</SPAN></B>
<a TITLE="" HREF="#_ftn1" NAME="_ftnref1"></A></P>
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">张荣干</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="TexT-ALiGn: center" ALIGN="center"><span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">(</SPAN><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">华中师范大学北京研究院，北京</SPAN><span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">100089)</SPAN></P>
<p><span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<p><b><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">摘要</SPAN></B><span STYLE="FonT-FAMiLY: 宋体">：自主学习策略是提升英语学习成效的有效策略之一。自主学习是学习者对自己学习的自觉负责，它具有同是教育之目标与手段的重要性。本文对利用单元任务进行自主学习策略教学做了讨论，分析发现单元任务可以为自主学习策略教学提供与常规教学相结合的训练，这也是学界普遍主张的策略教学方式；同时，单元任务还可以为自主学习策略教学提供所需要的实践空间与时间。概言之，单元任务为在我国中小学英语教学中培养学生自主学习能力提供了可能的策略教学形式。</SPAN></P>
<div><br />
<br /></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzs8.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Dec 2009 07:35:38 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzs8.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Debating多哈：我们与世界的辩论</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzqw.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p STYLE="text-align: left; line-height: 22pt;">
<b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">杭外“议会制辩论”选修课取得丰硕成果！特转载与大家分享！</SPAN></B></P>
<p STYLE="text-align: left; line-height: 22pt;">
<b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US"><br /></SPAN></B></P>
<p STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 22pt;" ALIGN="center"><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Debating</SPAN></B><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">多哈：我们与世界的辩论</SPAN></B></P>
<p STYLE="text-align: center; line-height: 22pt;" ALIGN="center"><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">——</SPAN></B><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">记卡塔尔多哈</SPAN></B><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">“</SPAN></B><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">mini-WSDC</SPAN></B><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">”辩论之行</SPAN></B></P>
<p STYLE="text-align: right; line-height: 22pt;" ALIGN="right"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">&#9632;<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Team China</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0cm 28.25pt 0.0001pt 21.2pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 黑体;">背景：</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0cm 28.25pt 0.0001pt 21.2pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">议会制辩论是一项在全世界大学生中享誉盛名的辩论活动，近年来该活动被<span STYLE="color: black;">逐</SPAN>渐推广到高中学生当中。参与者采用欧美国<span STYLE="color: black;">家</SPAN>议会辩论规则，就国际政治、经济、文化等多领域的热点话题展开辩论。每年有众多顶尖水平赛事在国内外举办，如世界大学生辩论赛、“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛等。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0cm 28.25pt 0.0001pt 21.2pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">议会制辩论的特色之一在于其议题的广泛性，政治经济，宗教人文无所不包。这就要求辩手们有深厚的知识积累和广泛的阅读面，也对辩手搜寻信息、自主学习的能力是一个很好的锻炼。同时，辩手需要站在不同利益方的角度去思考，统观全局，权衡利弊，通过细致的分析来说明道理。这对辩手的批判性思维和口头表达能力也做了较高的要求。此外，辩论作为一个团体合作的活动，也有助于培养学生合作共融，换位思考，互相学会尊重的良好习惯。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 0cm 28.25pt 0.0001pt 21.2pt; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">我校为了进一步打响外语教学品牌，丰富高中新课程的校本选修内容，提高学生英语竞争力，在夏谷鸣副校长，龚姚东老师等的大力推动下，特从</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">09</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">学年第一学期开始面向本部高中校区，和剑桥校区开设了</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">“</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">英语辩论校本选修课</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">”</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">，以期提高学生综合素质和语言运用能力，打开他们的国际视野，全方位地锻炼组织、策划、管理、研究、写作、沟通、演讲、磋商、说服的能力，并适时组织选派学生参加国内外英语辩论比赛。该选修课课程顾问为夏谷鸣，胡跃波老师，由汤萌老师承担具体教学，以及赛前培训工作。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="line-height: 22pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">11</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">月的卡塔尔因辩论而与众不同；<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">11</SPAN>月的卡塔尔因辩论而精彩纷呈。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">10</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">月<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">29</SPAN>日</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">，我校由杭外本部及剑桥高中学生组成的辩论团队，在汤萌老师的带领下，代表中国高中生踏上了前往卡塔尔<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">World Schools Debating
Championships</SPAN>（世界中学生辩论锦标赛，简称<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">WSDC</SPAN>）的征途。<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">5</SPAN>名中国团队的成员分别为李嘉荔、王锴、施文、沈曼倩、叶简剑，同行的还有来自新加坡的资深辩论教练<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Mr.Loke Wing
Fatt</SPAN>，原清华大学辩论队队长郑博，日本的<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Andrew</SPAN>，和泰国的<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">T.J.</SPAN>。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">WSDC</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">是迄今为止世界上级别最高、规模最大的辩论锦标赛，自<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">1988</SPAN>年开始举办以来一直在全球范围内享有盛誉。本届<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">WSDC</SPAN>将于<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2010</SPAN>年<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2</SPAN>月在中东国家卡塔尔举行，由<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Qatar Foundation</SPAN>名下的<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Qatar Debate</SPAN>承办。为使<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2</SPAN>月的<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">WSDC</SPAN>顺利开展，周到慷慨的主办方特地邀请<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">New Countries</SPAN>（新手国家）参加此次密集培训，帮助他们熟悉并掌握<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">WSDC</SPAN>的规程；同时，还主办了一场<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Mini-WSDC</SPAN>让各位参赛者一展身手，亲身实践，体悟辩论，从而获得宝贵的实战经验。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">10</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">月<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">31</SPAN>日</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">至<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">11</SPAN>月<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">3</SPAN>日，整整四天从清晨到深夜的紧张辩论培训，来自世界各地的顶级培训师们为辩手详细讲解了<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">public speaking</SPAN>及<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">debating</SPAN>的技巧与策略，并从正、反方的不同角度分析，如何去辩驳对方，如何建立起自己强有力的论点，辩手们从中获益匪浅。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">四天紧张培训之后，大家立刻投身到高强度的实战演练<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">——mini-WSDC</SPAN>之中。本次<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">mini-WSDC</SPAN>共有<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">12</SPAN>支国家代表队，以及几个国家的观摩代表参加，选手来自世界各地，有着不同的文化背景，如美国、新西兰、波斯尼亚、苏丹、阿拉伯联合酋长国、乌干达等等。在紧张的五个回合之中，中国队频频遭遇强劲的对手<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">——</SPAN>如新西兰和美国，都是以英语为母语的国家，角逐相当激烈。尽管如此，语言上的相对弱势没有减弱中国队的信心。作为一个团队，他们处事不惊，沉着稳重，将压力转化为自身的动力，在赛场上向外国选手充分证明了中国队的实力。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21.1pt; line-height: 22pt;"><b STYLE=""><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">最终，<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Team
China</SPAN>以<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">3</SPAN>胜<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2</SPAN>负的成绩获得了本届<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">mini-WSDC</SPAN>的团体第四名，仅次于美国、新西兰、智利，这三个国家都是有着丰富辩论经验的老手，中国队在此次“新手国家”中排名第一；来自剑桥高中的王锴同学还以优异的个人表现被评为<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">the 10th Best Speaker</SPAN>；汤萌老师被邀请担任<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Grand
Final</SPAN>（总决赛）的九名裁判之一，这是对她个人裁判能力的肯定。这是中国队在世界辩论锦标赛的赛场上第一次崭露头角，队员们以出色的成绩为杭外、为浙江、为祖国争得了荣誉。</SPAN></B></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">此次代表中国出战世界中学生辩论锦标赛，是莫大的荣誉，也是沉甸甸的责任。能取得这些成果，离不开各位老师、培训师们的努力和学校的支持，在此谨向教练<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Mr.Loke Wing Fatt</SPAN>、汤萌老师、郑博、<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">T.J.</SPAN>、<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Andrew</SPAN>以及帮助过我们的培训团队、杭外的校友们致以诚挚的感谢！</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">卡塔尔辩论之行是创造奇迹的开始，未来充满了各种可能，期待由杭外学子组成的<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">Team China</SPAN>在<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2010</SPAN>年举办的<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">World School Debate
Championship</SPAN>比赛之中继续取得骄人的成绩，为杭外、为中国再创辉煌！</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 22pt;">
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-align: right; line-height: 22pt;" ALIGN="right"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;" LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">2009</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">年<span LANG="EN-US" XML:LANG="EN-US">11</SPAN>月</SPAN></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzqw.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Dec 2009 05:56:02 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzqw.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>欢迎参加“我国外语能力需求万人调查分析”</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzqu.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p STYLE="margin: 6pt 2.85pt 0.0001pt 0cm;">&nbsp;</P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">欢迎在当地组织调查！</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">国家外语战略研究之子课题</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; text-align: center;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">“</SPAN> <u><span STYLE="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 华文仿宋;">我国外语能力需求万人调查分析</SPAN></U><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">”</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt; text-align: center;">&nbsp;</P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">根据中国外语战略中心安排，我院承担一项子课题“我国外语能力需求万人调查”。我们正在设计调查问卷，计划一月发出问卷，2月底收回问卷。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">调查点按照经济和开放程度分为两大类。<br /></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 6pt 2.85pt 0.0001pt 0cm;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
本次调查对象分为</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">八类：</SPAN><br /></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp; 政府机构</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp;
教育科研机构</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp;
其他事业机构</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp; 大型企业</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp;
中小型企业</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp; 军队</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp; 农村</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">&nbsp;
自由职业者</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">共计16类。<br /></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">本课题为国家语言文字应用“十一五”科研项目重点项目《国家外语发展战略研究》（项目编号：ZD115-01）子课题。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">每个调查点限于100人以内。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">因此，需要在16个点进行调查。<br /></SPAN></P>
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
所有参与调查者会署名入调查组，有效数据50%以上者可署名入课题组。能根据要求分析数据者，可单独署名发表论文（论文需经我审查）。</SPAN>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p STYLE="margin: 6pt 2.85pt 0.0001pt 0cm;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
调查结果将在2010年6月5日“中国外语战略高层论坛”发布。<br /></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">有兴趣参与调查者，可与我联系。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;"><a HREF="article_add.php#SinaEditor_Temp_FontName"><font SIZE="14px"><span STYLE="text-decoration: underline;"><br /></SPAN></FONT></A></SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 6pt 2.85pt 0.0001pt 0cm;">
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
背景说明：<br /></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">我国学生从小学三年级开始学习英语，英语学习时间之长全世界不多见，然而中国学生的英语运用能力却远远不能满足国家、社会和国民发展的需求。联想集团各国政府事务总监马健荣先生在一次访谈中明确提出，“</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 仿宋;">联想现在的员工与联想生存与发展所需要的外语运用能力和跨文化能力还有相当的距离。</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">”我国在国际机构中的工作人员、我国参与国际合作项目研究的专家学者都与我国目前的国际地位相去甚远。在今年</SPAN><span STYLE="" XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">5</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">月公布的全球</SPAN><span STYLE="" XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">40</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">个国家和地区雅思（</SPAN><span STYLE="" XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">IELTS</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">国际英语语言考试系统，国际公认的英语运用能力评价项目）成绩排名中，中国大陆考生平均成绩</SPAN><span STYLE="" XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">5.46</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">分，排名第</SPAN><span STYLE="" XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">35</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">位，仅仅高于阿联酋、阿曼等国家，远低于南非、德国等英语教育领先的国家，甚至低于越南等国家。这一问题使得英语教育成为一个被口诛笔伐甚多的领域，从“祸国殃民”</SPAN>
<span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">到“打倒英语帝国主义”不一而论。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21.75pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">这不是因为我国不需要外语教育，而是我们的外语教育与社会实际需求相差甚远。为此，我们必须开展外语能力需求调查。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">我国的外语教育主要表现是工具性的。那么，我们首先就进行广泛的语言需求现状调查与发展预测（陈章太，</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">2004</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">），要弄清楚我国社会发展对国民的外语能力的真实需求，依此进行外语规划，我们到底为什么目的开展外语教育，为什么目的在基础教育阶段进行外语教育，以及在大学教育阶段进行外语教育的目标又有什么不同，以及我国应该教授什么外语，针对我国当前外语教育中的问题，科学地制定不同阶段、不同地区、不同领域、不同层面的外语政策。（胡文仲，</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">2001</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">；鲁子问，</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">2004</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">，</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">2005</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">）</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">然后，我们必须依据我国目前的社会经济发展现状，建立教育阶段的外语教育目标，也就是面向全体受教育者的最基本的外语教育目标。正因为这些目标是面向全体受教育者（某种意义上是全体国民）的，所以我们应该建立与我国目前的国民收入</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">1000</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">美元</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">GDP</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">相适应的外语教育目标，当然我们的外语教育目标可以具有一定的前瞻性，可以参照其它的</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">1000</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">－</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">5000</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">美元</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">GDP</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">的国家和地区的外语教育目标，但不应比照</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">10000</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">美元－</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">30000</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">美元</SPAN><span XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US">GDP</SPAN><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">的国家和地区的外语教育目标来建立我国目前的外语教育目标。笔者认为，依据我国目前的社会发展需要，在面向全体受教育者的基础教育层面，我国外语教育的目标不应该是全面培养外语运用能力，因为我国还不需要全体劳动者都具有较高的外语运用能力，同时我们目前也没有足够的财力来把全体劳动者都培养成具有“一门外语基本过关”的外语运用能力的人才。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">我们知道，我国目前不需要所有的劳动者都具有较高的外语运用能力，因此我们应该合理编制大学外语教育目标，建立不同等级的大学外语教育目标。我们应该降低大学外语的基准目标，提高大学外语教育的较高目标。对于将来到不需要较高外语运用能力岗位工作的学生，只需要达到基准目标即可。对于将来到需要较高外语运用能力岗位工作的学生，则应达到较高目标，使大学外语资源得到更合理的配置。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">最后，要建立的是国家外语专业人员的外语教育目标。这只是很少一部分人的外语教育目标。从目前的外语教育目标看，我们的基础阶段要求太高，特别是各项技能要求太平均，比如写的要求超过日常交际要求，规定的教学内容也超过日常交际要求。而在专业人员和外语专业人员目标要求方面，则要求偏低。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="text-indent: 21pt;"><span STYLE="font-family: 宋体;">当然，科学的外语规划需要大范围的外语能力调查。鉴于目前经费有限，我们计划在全国进行科学抽样，进行一次万人调查，以从一个小样本获得我国外语能力需求的一个样本数据，对于在无法进行大范围调查之前的外语政策建立一个可以参考的常模。</SPAN></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p STYLE="margin: 6pt 2.85pt 0.0001pt 0cm;"><span STYLE="color: black;" XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US"><span STYLE="">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN> <span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">我国目前对于国家外语能力需求的规范的抽样调查还很少，样本也很小。</SPAN></P>
<p STYLE="margin: 6pt 2.85pt 0.0001pt 0cm;"><span STYLE="color: black;" XML:LANG="EN-US" LANG="EN-US"><span STYLE="">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN> <span STYLE="font-family: 宋体; color: black;">我们计划按照社会经济发展水平、社会经济外向型程度两个维度，从政府机构、教育科研机构、其他事业机构、大型企业、中小型企业、军队、农村、自由职业者八类对象进行调查。</SPAN></P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>外语教育</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzqu.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Dec 2009 05:43:39 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gzqu.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会闭幕词</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gwq0.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left">中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会终于闭幕了，下面是我的闭幕词。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center">闭幕词</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>各位代表，大家好！</P>
<p>到此时，本次“中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会”的全部议程到此就要结束了。</P>
<p>
在本次会议上，各位领导嘉宾、专家学者交流学术新论、切磋独特见解，从领导干部考选、公务员考选、科举、教育考选和语言测试等不同视角，构建出我国考选制度的绚丽多彩的华章。</P>
<p>会议在以下两个方面取得丰硕收获：</P>
<p>1、公共人事考试</P>
<p>国家治理，首在考选。没有成功的考选，就无法选拔国家治理所需的干才。公共人事考选因此成为本次会议的重要议题。</P>
<p>
国家公务员局考试录用司聂生奎司长的主旨演讲使我们了解到我国公务员考试的历史、现状和发展趋势；香港城市大学陈汉宣教授的专题报告使我们看到从外部视角看我国公务员考选的影像；武汉大学李和中教授的专题报告给我们带来了公共部门人力资本理念视野的公务员考选改革的新思路；湖北咸宁人事考试院的肖志义院长对公务员考录公正性缺失的分析，提出发人深省的思考。</P>
<p>方兴未艾的领导干部公选是当前考选制度发展的一大热点。本次与会专家和代表对这一制度展开了深度探讨。</P>
<p>
湖北人事考试院蔡鹏副院长的专题报告为我们展示了湖北省开展竞争性选拔领导干部的理论思考与实践探索；四川省委党校叶黔达秘书长的专题报告与我们分享了四川省20年公开考选领导干部的实践思路；华中师范大学鲁子问教授、钱道赓博士的专题报告从国际视野阐释了我国领导干部公开考选制度的政治特性，使我们看到具有中国特色的民主创制的国际示范意义；咸宁学院汪继红副教授为我们介绍了她对于公选考试的理论思考；华中师范大学但昭彬副教授从公共、公开、公平、公认、公信对“公选”之“公”进行了独到探析；华中师范大学的硕士生李木洲、牛艳萍、宋玲玲、潘秀静、左云从不同视角介绍了他们对领导干部公选的研究，厘清了“公推公选”、“公推直选”的学理差异等专题问题。</P>
<p>
领导干部的最低一层是村干部，而中国社会的稳定与发展从来都首先是农村的稳定与发展。村干部对中国社会发展的作用可见一斑。这次会议上，华中师范大学的硕士生何李煜、王雯、韩芳代表华中师范大学考选所08级研究生介绍了他们对于村干部能力模型建构的实证研究。</P>
<p>
科举学的创立者、厦门大学教育研究院院长刘海峰教授的主题报告为我们带来科举的政治视角，使我们得以更加清晰地透视科举；同样来自厦门大学教育研究院的张亚群教授为我们分析了唐代科举的政治功能，使我们得以观史而知今；南昌大学的吴根洲副教授为我们从清代状元的仕宦生涯为我们介绍了科举选官的效度特性；厦门大学教育研究院的冯建民博士生为我们从科举制度对古代社会礼俗的影响为我们剖析了考选制度的社会功能。</P>
<p>2、教育考选</P>
<p>教育考选在全球都是最大的考选实践，因此教育考选总是考选会议上永恒的话题。</P>
<p>
厦门大学教育研究院郑若玲教授为我们剖析了高考的教育功能、文化功能、政治功能、更新社会结构功能和经济功能，使我们对高考有了更加透彻的认知；漳州师范学院杨李娜副研究员介绍了她对从基础教育新课程的视角对教育评价与考试的关系的研究；北京教育考试院樊本富博士从治理理论对高校自主招生进行了分析；湖北教育考试院的王志武博士提出了他对社会力量办考的深刻思考；福建师范大学研究生郑婉平从终身教育视角分析了自学考试毕业生的就业问题，把我们带到一个教育的现实世界。</P>
<p>
深圳市教育局课程改革办公室廖声斌主任从广东高考试题的分析为我们揭示了语言测试发展的趋势；安徽科技学院詹先君讲师为我们带领了他对外语测试伦理的思考；华中师范大学硕士生韩坤和周丹分别对印度高考大纲、第三部门理论下的英国高考招生考试等介绍了她们的学习与思考。</P>
<p>
我们知道，考选在我国是一个全社会高度关注的话题，任何一个层面的考选都可能成为一个社会热点，这既是我们考选研究者和从业者的幸福，更是我们的责任。科举促进了中国社会的发展，但也在专制的诱惑下失去自我。今天我们的考选制度向何处去？考选制度给当今中国带来什么？是值得我们关切和彻思的，更是值得我们探索和追问的。</P>
<p>
我们相信，本次会议给大家带来交流的机会和思考的激荡。我们更希望，本次会议为我国考选制度的改革与创新贡献一点微薄之力，因为会议之后我们可以更加深入地交流和思考。</P>
<p>当然，我们依然很清醒。我们知道，考选制度的研究亟待更进一步的发展。</P>
<p>
在本次会议上，对于考选的哲学基础、政治学基础、社会学基础，还缺乏系统的思考；对于考选的能力基础、价值取向，我们还缺乏深入的研究，对于考选的数理分析和技术运用和发展，我们还缺乏丰富的案例。</P>
<p>
以能力基础为例。考选旨在选贤任能。那么，我们应该考核应试者的什么能力？我们要通过考选引导中国走向一个怎样的能力社会？当今中国考选研究界无人作答。发达国家已经和正在研究国民能力纲要，作为国家发展、教育与考选的基础。对此，中国考选研究界必须做出自己的响亮的回答！</P>
<p>我们希望，这些问题会引起大家更多的思考。</P>
<p>
本次会议之后，我们正在计划每年编辑出版一册《中国考选研究》，我们期待各位专家学者和青年才俊将自己的高见撰写为字字珠玑的大作，奉献于社会。</P>
<p>
各位代表，本次会议马上要降下帷幕了，在此，我谨代表主办单位，感谢国家公务员局、中央人民政府驻香港联络办对于本次会议的指导和支持，感谢厦门大学教育研究院、福建广播电视大学、武汉大学对于本次会议的支持，同时也感谢考选所的研究生对会议的服务。</P>
<p>各位代表：</P>
<p>美哉！巍巍乎志在高山。</P>
<p>美哉！荡荡乎意在流水。</P>
<p>昨天，我们在这里再聚，我们聚而论道，聚而论考。今天我们在这里话别。不别的是高山遇流水的知音之情。</P>
<p>
让我们相别依依，到各自的工作岗位，为我国考选制度改革与创新进一步乾乾探索。让期待下次再聚，以再次共同交流我们各自的新收获。</P>
<p>各位代表，下次再见！谢谢大家！</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>考选制度</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gwq0.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 13 Dec 2009 02:37:48 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gwq0.html</guid>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title>考选会议欢迎词</title>
            <link>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gvuw.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<p ALIGN="left"><b>中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会明天开始报到，后天开幕。</B></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><strong>经过紧张的筹备，总算基本有了章法。</STRONG></P>
<p ALIGN="left"><strong>为会议手册写了一段欢迎辞，与大家分享。</STRONG></P>
<p ALIGN="left">&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center"><b>欢</B> <b>迎</B> <b>辞</B></P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p ALIGN="center">初冬乍凌寒，却似立春时。<br />
彻霜降千叶，半花先一枝。</P>
<p>&nbsp;</P>
<p>欢迎各位领导嘉宾、专家学者莅临武汉，出席“中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会”。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">
国家治理之要，“治本在得人，得人在慎举，慎举在核真”。正因于此，古今中外之国家建构、教育发展、文化传承无不与人才考选制度彼此交织变幻，现今中外考选文化、制度、技术亦不断相互渗透、融合。今日中国，以党政领导干部公开选拔、公务员考试录用等为代表的公共人事考选，以高考、研究生入学考试等为代表的教育考选，以国家司法考试、会计师资格考试等为代表的执业（职业）资格考选，都在不断改革、发展、完善之中。相比我国经济社会发展对人才资源开发、选任、管理的需求，以及国外考选制度发展水平而言，当前我国考选制度在其科学化、规范化、人本化的发展道路上还存在许多亟待研究解决的理论与实践难题。有鉴于此，华中师范大学政治学研究院于2009年12月11日至13日在武汉举办“中国考选制度改革与创新学术研讨会”，以此集合多方智力资源，探索我国各类考选制度革新完善之路。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">
“国家治理与考选制度”是华中师范大学的特色专业与特色研究领域，是我校特设的隶属于政治学一级学科之下，运用政治学、社会学、考试学研究方法研究国家治理与人才考选、任用的互动关系和运行机制的交叉性的新兴专业，发轫于我校廖平胜教授创立的“考试学”。</P>
<p>
我校自1992年开始面向全国招收考试方向硕士生，2004年开始招收“国家治理与考选制度”专业硕士研究生与博士研究生，已毕业博士生4人，硕士生50多人，现有在读硕士生20名，博士生3名。</P>
<p>“六五”时期以来，本专业先后主持和参与了“国家公务员录用考试制度研究”、
“公开选拔党政领导干部笔试研究”、“初中升学考试质量控制及评价标准体系研究”、“高校入学考试制度改革研究”等40多项国家和省部级考选课题的研究，推出了一批研究国家治理和考选制度的著作，形成了一系列调研、咨询和评价报告等。</P>
<p>
在十二五期间，国家治理与考选制度专业将适应国家需求，围绕国家人才强国战略目标，着重研究领导干部公开考选制度研究、国家人力资源（国民能力纲要）战略、以及其他考选制度理论与实践，促进专业发展，建设国内具有优势的考选专业。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">武汉，乃千古知音之地。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">
春秋战国时期，楚国大臣俞伯牙，极善鼓琴。一次伯牙受楚王之遣，乘船沿江而下，途经汉阳江面，突遇狂风暴雨，停舟龟山脚下，待会雨过天晴，心旷神怡，伯牙鼓琴咏志。抚琴顷尔，弦断，伯牙知有人听，便请出。此人便是樵夫钟子期。伯牙不以其为樵夫而失礼，而是改弦调琴，沉思片刻，抚琴一首，志在高山。子期赞道：“美哉！巍巍乎志在高山。”伯牙再抚琴一首，意在流水。子期又赞道：“美哉！荡荡乎意在流水。”伯牙喜遇知音，以樵夫子期为挚友，约来年再会。第二年，伯牙按约会子期，谁知子期不幸病故。伯牙悲痛万分，在子期墓前鼓琴“高山流水”。奏后，伯牙因失去知音，悲痛万分，便扯断琴弦，摔碎琴身，决心今后永不鼓琴。自此有“高山流水觅知音”之说。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">
来自全国各地的专家学者此次聚首桂子山，共话考选制度改革与创新，一如伯牙寻知音。我们期待，相聚武汉、共话考选制度之后，我们能与您结为共话考选制度的知音，共同探求考选制度的有效途径，协力促进中国考选制度改革与创新之举。</P>
<p ALIGN="center">流水行迢远，高山得知音。<br />
千叶化春泥，半花满园馨。</P>
<p ALIGN="left">&nbsp;</P>
<p>
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&nbsp;2009年12月8日</P>]]></description>
            <author>鲁子问</author>
            <category>考选制度</category>
            <comments>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gvuw.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Dec 2009 16:30:04 GMT+8</pubDate>
            <guid>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b0f72620100gvuw.html</guid>
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