英美文学的博客

William Golding is one of the most significant postwar novelists. His first novel, also the best one, is  Lord of the___.

 Flies

William Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of ___”.

nature

Rudyard Kipling wrote novels, poems, and short stories, mostly set in ___and Burma during the time of British rule.

India

The Jungle Book deals with the experiences of a human child, Mowgli, adopted and raised by____.

wolves

The setting of the Gothic novel is usually a ruined Gothic ____or abbey.

castle

A “Frankenstein” is any creation that ultimately destroys its___.
creator

Ben Jonson, one of the great figures of English literature, advocated ____forms and rules.
classical

The realistic novels written by George Eliot are set against the backdrop of ___England.
rural

Robinson Crusoe lives on an island for 28 years, alone for most of t

American Literature
General Review
Fill in the blanks
1. American literature began with the first English colonies in ________ and New England.
 Virginia
2. American literature at first was naturally a _______ literature, by authors who were Englishmen and who thought and wrote as such.
 colonial

3. ________________ is an intellectual movement developed as an American version of romanticism in the 19th century.
Transcendentalism
4. The short story Rip Van Winkle established Washington________ ’s reputation at home and abroad, and designated the beginning of American Romanticism.
 Irving

5. Edgar Allan _____ is usually acknowledged as the originator of detective stories. His detective August Dupin of Muders in the Rue Morgue is the forerunner of Sherlock Holmes and other later fictional detectives.
 Poe
6. _________ of Grass, the masterpiece of  Walt Whitman, is new i

各位同学好，前两篇博文是本学期英国和美国文学的考试题型与复习题目，答案就在每次课的笔记里（见前博文）。我们最后一次复习课也会带领大家梳理、复习，欢迎准时出勤。

随着本学期英语课程的结束，你们在大学中对英语的系统学习也即将结束。在此我代表所有英语教师对全体学生表示感谢：

感谢每次都出勤并认真听课的同学，你们欣赏文学，有鉴赏力，懂得享受大学时光，希望你们能学有所得；

感谢每次都出勤并认真复习其他科目的同学，你们填充了教室，听到笑话还能及时发笑，站脚助威，提升人气，抚慰了老师的心灵；

感谢每次都出勤并热烈讨论不相干科目的同学，你们增加了我们与其他科目教师的竞争之心，同时也让我们锻炼了肺活量，增强了体质；

感谢那些偶尔到课的同学，尤其是临近期末才按时出勤的同学，你们的参与让我们在课程最后，强弩之末时，徒生冲刺的动力；

感谢那些从未到课的同学，特别是即将缺席考试的同学，你们减轻了老师们的阅卷量；让老师有调整、休息的时间。

……

总之，感谢所有同学本学期对“英美文学简史”课程的支持。

祝你们好运！！！

General Review

American Literature

Fill in the blanks

1. American literature began with the first English colonies in ________ and New England.

2. American literature at first was naturally a _______ literature, by authors who were Englishmen and who thought and wrote as such.

3. ________________ is an intellectual movement developed as an American version of romanticism in the 19th century.

4. The short story Rip Van Winkle established Washington________ ’s reputation at home and abroad, and designated the beginning of American Romanticism.

5. Edgar Allan _____ is usually acknowledged as the originator of detective stories. His detective August Dupin of Muders in the Rue Morgue is the forerunner of Sherlock Holmes and other later fictional detectives.

6. _________ of Grass, the masterpiece of  Walt Whitman, is new in

General Review

English Literature

Fill in the blanks

William Golding is one of the most significant postwar novelists. His first novel, also the best one, is  Lord of the___.

William Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of ___”.

Rudyard Kipling wrote novels, poems, and short stories, mostly set in ___and Burma during the time of British rule.

The Jungle Book deals with the experiences of a human child, Mowgli, adopted and raised by____.

The setting of the Gothic novel is usually a ruined Gothic ____or abbey.

A “Frankenstein” is any creation that ultimately destroys its___.

Ben Jonson, one of the great figures of English literature, advocated ____forms and rules.

The realistic novels written by George Eliot are set agai

Scarlett O’Hara, the beautiful daughter of a large plantation owner.
hopelessly infatuated迷上 with Ashley Wilkes,
but becomes distraught烦乱的when Wilkes becomes engaged to Melanie Hamilton.

In the midst of a tantrum发怒over this news she meets Butler.
The two Southerners form a fiery热烈的romance
and then endure hardship and loss in the Civil War,
including the famous burning of Atlanta, Georgia.

John Steinbeck (1902-1968), American writer and Nobel laureate,斯坦贝克
who described in his work the unremitting不懈的struggle of people
 who depend on the soil for their livelihood.
Steinbeck‘s most widely known work is The Grapes of Wrath 愤怒的葡萄(1939; Pulitzer Prize, 1940),

the account of the Joad family from the i

The Birth of Naturalism自然主义
Realism entered American literature after the Civil War,
soon followed by naturalism.
Naturalism is an extreme form of realism,
 added a dimension of predetermined预先决定fate
that rendered致使human will powerless.

Naturalistic writers regard human behavior as controlled
by instinct, emotion, or social and economic conditions.

Reject free will.
Adopt the biological determinism宿命论/决定论of Charles Darwin
and the economic determinism of Karl Marx.

to examine human beings objectively, as a scientist studies nature.
In portraying ugliness and cruelty,
Naturalism differs from realism in adding an
amoral(与道德无关的) attitude to the objective presentation of life.
they left readers to draw their own conclusions about the life so presented.
Stephen Crane 斯蒂芬 克兰 (1871-1900)
American novelist and poet,
one of the first American

Herman Melville 麦尔维尔
Moby-Dick《白鲸》
 one of the greatest books in American literature

the conflict between Captain Ahab, the master of the whaler (捕鲸船) Pequod,
and Moby Dick, a vicious邪恶的white whale that once tore off one of Ahab’s legs at the knee.

During the voyage Ahab reveals to his crew that he seeks revenge upon Moby Dick.
From this point the voyage becomes a pursuit:
Ahab drives himself and his crew over the seas in a desperate search for his enemy.
When the whale is at last sighted and attacked, it rams (撞)the ship, killing Ahab and all of the crew except Ishmael, the narrator of the story.
Walt Whitman 惠特曼(1819-1892)spokesman for the new democratic society
No poet has celebrated that society with more enthusiasm or more poetic genius than him.
a striking contrast to the neat meters韵律 of conventional poetry previously written
boldly asserts the worth of the individual an

Introduction
The Literature in Colonial Period
The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence
American Romanticism
American Realism
American Modernism
Colonial Times in America
American literature began with the first English colonies in Virginia and New England.
Colonists came to the New World to find religious freedom and prosperity.

In 1607, the first permanent English settlement in America: JAMESTOWN,詹姆斯敦VIRGINIA
named after the English King, James I.

Colonial life began in New England with the landing of the Pilgrims in 1620.
founded the colony of Plymouth普利茅斯
Pilgrims英国清教徒
The Separatists wanted to separate entirely from the Church of England

Colonial Times in America
American literature at first was naturally a colonial literature,
 by authors who were Englishmen and who thought and wrote as such.

Captain John Smith (Virginia)
a

•          Impact of World War I

•          World War I cut forever the ties with the past.

•          It brought discontent and disillusionment. Humankind was plunged into gloom at the knowledge that “progress” had not saved the world from war.

•          In fiction there was a shift from novels of the human comedy to novels of characters. Fiction ceased to be concerned with a plot or a forward-moving narrative. Instead it followed the twisted, contorted development of a single character or a group of related characters.

•          Of these writers William Somerset Maugham achieved the greatest popular success. 毛姆(1874-1965), English author,

• &nbs